{"title":"Comprehensive characterization of volatile terpenoids and terpene synthases in Lanxangia tsaoko.","authors":"Shanshan Chen, Mofan Zhang, Shuo Ding, Zhichao Xu, Sifan Wang, Xiangxiao Meng, Shilin Chen, Ranran Gao, Wei Sun","doi":"10.1186/s43897-024-00140-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lanxangia tsaoko is widely utilized in human cuisine as a popular flavoring agent due to its distinctive aroma. It also has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine. The edible and medicinal properties of L. tsaoko are primarily attributed to its diverse array of volatile metabolites. Previous research has mainly focused on classifying the constituents and their pharmacological activities in L. tsaoko, leaving gaps in comprehensive identification and elucidation of the biosynthetic mechanisms of these metabolites. In this study, we employed a multi-omics approach and functional characterization to investigate the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L. tsaoko. The results demonstrated that terpenoids constituted the highest proportion of volatile compounds in L. tsaoko. Additionally, 42 terpene synthase (TPS) coding genes were identified through genome-wide analysis. Functional characterization revealed that eight LtTPSs effectively catalyzed geranyl pyrophosphate to produce monoterpenoids, while four LtTPSs converted farnesyl pyrophosphate to generate sesquiterpenoids. Genome-wide and single-gene duplication events contributed to functional diversification among LtTPSs with high identity, promoting the diversity of terpenoids. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L. tsaoko, enhance the current knowledge of TPS, and contribute to the broader understanding of the biochemical diversity of terpenoids in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":29970,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Horticulture","volume":"5 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966916/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Horticulture","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-024-00140-0","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"HORTICULTURE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
兰香草因其独特的香气而被广泛用于人类烹饪，是一种受欢迎的调味剂。它在传统中药中的使用历史也很悠久。兰香附子的食用和药用特性主要归功于其多种多样的挥发性代谢物。以往的研究主要集中在对太子参中的成分及其药理活性进行分类，在全面鉴定和阐明这些代谢物的生物合成机制方面存在空白。在本研究中，我们采用了多组学方法和功能表征来研究 L. tsaoko 中挥发性萜类化合物的生物合成。结果表明，萜类化合物在 L. tsaoko 的挥发性化合物中所占比例最高。此外，通过全基因组分析确定了 42 个萜烯合成酶（TPS）编码基因。功能表征显示，8 个 LtTPS 能有效催化焦磷酸香叶酯产生单萜类化合物，4 个 LtTPS 能转化焦磷酸法尼酯产生倍半萜类化合物。全基因组和单基因重复事件促成了具有高度同一性的 LtTPSs 之间的功能多样化，促进了萜类化合物的多样性。这些发现为了解 L. tsaoko 中挥发性萜类化合物的生物合成奠定了基础，增进了目前对 TPS 的了解，并有助于更广泛地了解植物中萜类化合物的生化多样性。
Comprehensive characterization of volatile terpenoids and terpene synthases in Lanxangia tsaoko.
Lanxangia tsaoko is widely utilized in human cuisine as a popular flavoring agent due to its distinctive aroma. It also has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine. The edible and medicinal properties of L. tsaoko are primarily attributed to its diverse array of volatile metabolites. Previous research has mainly focused on classifying the constituents and their pharmacological activities in L. tsaoko, leaving gaps in comprehensive identification and elucidation of the biosynthetic mechanisms of these metabolites. In this study, we employed a multi-omics approach and functional characterization to investigate the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L. tsaoko. The results demonstrated that terpenoids constituted the highest proportion of volatile compounds in L. tsaoko. Additionally, 42 terpene synthase (TPS) coding genes were identified through genome-wide analysis. Functional characterization revealed that eight LtTPSs effectively catalyzed geranyl pyrophosphate to produce monoterpenoids, while four LtTPSs converted farnesyl pyrophosphate to generate sesquiterpenoids. Genome-wide and single-gene duplication events contributed to functional diversification among LtTPSs with high identity, promoting the diversity of terpenoids. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L. tsaoko, enhance the current knowledge of TPS, and contribute to the broader understanding of the biochemical diversity of terpenoids in plants.
期刊介绍：
Aims
Molecular Horticulture aims to publish research and review articles that significantly advance our knowledge in understanding how the horticultural crops or their parts operate mechanistically. Articles should have profound impacts not only in terms of high citation number or the like, but more importantly on the direction of the horticultural research field.
Scope
Molecular Horticulture publishes original Research Articles, Letters, and Reviews on novel discoveries on the following, but not limited to, aspects of horticultural plants (including medicinal plants):
▪ Developmental and evolutionary biology
▪ Physiology, biochemistry and cell biology
▪ Plant-microbe and plant-environment interactions
▪ Genetics and epigenetics
▪ Molecular breeding and biotechnology
▪ Secondary metabolism and synthetic biology
▪ Multi-omics dealing with data sets of genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, epigenome and/or microbiome.
The journal also welcomes research articles using model plants that reveal mechanisms and/or principles readily applicable to horticultural plants, translational research articles involving application of basic knowledge (including those of model plants) to the horticultural crops, novel Methods and Resources of broad interest.
In addition, the journal publishes Editorial, News and View, and Commentary and Perspective on current, significant events and topics in global horticultural fields with international interests.
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