考虑植被和凋落物盖度的黄土高原不同降雨强度下土壤侵蚀响应规律及预测模型

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106559

Wenjia Zhao , Kuandi Zhang , Youdong Cen , Wei Hu , Chenxin Yang , Qingjun Yang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

准确预测覆盖坡面土壤侵蚀速率，有助于制定合理的植被恢复方案，防止土壤侵蚀。为了研究植被和凋落物覆盖对坡面土壤侵蚀的影响，本研究在15°和5种降雨强度（RI = 1.00、1.25、1.50、1.75和2.00 mm min−1）下进行了室内人工降雨实验。研究了3种不同处理：灌木盖度（CS）对草-灌木群落坡度（GS）的影响；草盖度（CG）变化的草灌丛群落坡度（SG）；和凋落物覆盖的草-灌木群落斜坡（GSL）。分析了降雨条件下不同处理土壤侵蚀的变化规律及各影响因素的作用机制。结果表明：(1)植被和凋落物覆盖降低了不同试验坡度的侵蚀速率（ER）。与BS相比，GS、SG和GSL的ER分别降低了2.57 ~ 28.53 %、5.54 ~ 68.33 %和23.85 ~ 69.63 %。此外，随着RI的增加，ER增加，草、灌木和凋落物的减少侵蚀作用减弱。(2)随着CG、CS和凋落物生物量（WL）的增加，草、灌木和凋落物对侵蚀减少率的贡献增加。当各覆盖物的侵蚀减少贡献率占主导地位时，确定临界覆盖度。CS/CV = 0.6和WL/CV = 50是判别草与灌木、植被与凋落物孰优孰劣的临界比值。此外，随着RI的增加，高盖度植被和凋落物对侵蚀减少率的贡献增加。(3)在草、灌木和凋落物覆盖下，坡面土壤临界剪应力τ0增大，土壤可蚀性系数Kr减小，导致土壤抗侵蚀能力增强。与BS相比，τ0分别增大了12.85 ~ 44.07 %、18.70 ~ 81.97 %和44.07 ~ 123.87 %，Kr分别减小了7.78 ~ 23.48 %、16.73 ~ 58.91 %和39.47 ~ 73.07 %。(4)建立了降雨条件下被覆盖坡面ER的预测模型，该模型考虑了水动力特性，量化了地表覆盖的影响。该模型具有较好的预测精度，可为黄土高原侵蚀过程的研究提供参考。

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Response law and prediction model of soil erosion considering vegetation and litter cover under different rainfall intensities in the Loess Plateau

Accurately predicting soil erosion rate on covered slopes can help formulate reasonable vegetation restoration schemes to prevent soil erosion. To study the impacts of vegetation and litter cover on slope soil erosion, this study conducted indoor artificial rainfall experiments under 15° and five rainfall intensities (RI = 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, and 2.00 mm min⁻¹). Three different treatments were studied: shrub coverage (C_S) changing grass-shrub community slope (GS); Grass coverage (C_G) changing grass-shrub community slope (SG); And litter-covered grass-shrub community slope (GSL). The variation of soil erosion on different treatments under rainfall conditions and the mechanism of each influencing factor were analyzed. The results showed that (1) vegetation and litter cover reduced the erosion rate (ER) for different experimental slopes. Compared with BS, the ER of GS, SG, and GSL decreased by 2.57–28.53 %, 5.54–68.33 %, and 23.85–69.63 %, respectively. In addition, with the increase of RI, ER increased, and the erosion reduction effect of grass, shrubs, and litter decreased. (2) With the increase of C_G, C_S, and litter biomass (W_L), the contribution of grass, shrub and litter to the erosion reduction rate increased. The critical coverage ratio was determined when the erosion reduction contribution rate of each cover is dominant. C_S/C_V = 0.6 and W_L/C_V = 50 are the critical ratio for determining which is dominant, grass or shrub, and vegetation or litter. In addition, with the increase of RI, the contribution of erosion reduction rate of higher coverage vegetation and litter increased. (3) Under grass, shrubs, and litter cover, critical shear stress (τ₀) of slope soil increased and soil erodibility coefficient (K_r) decreased, leading to the enhancement of soil erosion resistance. Compared with BS, the τ₀ increased by 12.85–44.07 %, 18.70–81.97 %, and 44.07–123.87 %, respectively, the K_r decreased by 7.78–23.48 %, 16.73–58.91 %, and 39.47–73.07 %, respectively. (4) A prediction model of ER of covered slope under rainfall condition was established, which considered hydrodynamic characteristics and quantified the influence of surface cover. This model has good prediction accuracy and can provide useful insights for the erosion process of the Loess Plateau.

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.