Comparative performance study of a novel heat driven absorption cooling system incorporating a turbo-compressor

In this research, the performance of a novel heat-driven absorption refrigeration system that incorporates a turbo-compressor using ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$-$H_{2}O$ as a working fluid is investigated. The inclusion of a turbo-compressor enhances cooling efficiency by increasing the absorber’s pressure. This is attained through the expansion of vapor produced in the high-pressure generator. A mathematical model of the system was developed using the Python software and was validated by comparing it with previously published experimental data. The simulation findings indicated that higher compression ratios in the system improved the coefficient of performance (COP) by up to 18%. In fact, for compression ratios of 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5, the maximum COP was found to be 0.51, 0.55, 0.58, and 0.6 respectively. Conversely, the system’s exergy efficiency experiences a decline from 17.5% to 17%, 16.2%, and 15.8%, respectively, for equivalent compression ratios. The drop is attributed to increased exergy destruction in the compressor and turbine. A comparison was conducted between the proposed system and similar systems. The novel system shows distinct advantages, such as significantly lower electrical consumption and reduced CO2 emissions. This highlights its environmental benefits with eco-friendly fluids, although it operates at a higher generator temperature.