Understanding the prospective of gene therapy for the treatment of breast cancer

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and the second most common cause of death from cancer in women around the world. Local therapies, Systematic therapies and advanced systematic therapies are included in current treatment strategies. Gene therapy has become a hopeful way to treat or stop disease by changing bad genes genetically. This innovative strategy aims to replace defective genes, enhance immune defenses, or silence harmful genes. Recent advances in cancer-specific promoter systems make targeted gene treatments possible. These include using suicide genes, cancer suppressor genes, gene silencing technologies, and gene-editing techniques. Among these, CRISPR and CAR-T therapy have revolutionized genetic editing in cancer research, offering high specificity, precision, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. This review highlights recent advancements in gene therapy targeting cancer-specific promoters, emphasizing its potential to transform BC treatment.