Dagmar Wilhelm, Aitana Perea-Gomez, Axel Newton, Marie-Christine Chaboissier
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Gonadal sex determination in vertebrates: rethinking established mechanisms.
Sex determination and differentiation are fundamental processes that are not only essential for fertility but also influence the development of many other organs, and hence, are important for species diversity and survival. In mammals, sex is determined by the inheritance of an X or a Y chromosome from the father. The Y chromosome harbours the testis-determining gene SRY, and it has long been thought that its absence is sufficient for ovarian development. Consequently, the ovarian pathway has been treated as a default pathway, in the sense that ovaries do not have or need a female-determining factor. Recently, a female-determining factor has been identified in mouse as the master regulator of ovarian development. Interestingly, this scenario was predicted as early as 1983. In this Review, we discuss the model predicted in 1983, how the mechanisms and genes currently known to be important for sex determination and differentiation in mammals have changed or supported this model, and finally, reflect on what these findings might mean for sex determination in other vertebrates.
期刊介绍：
Development’s scope covers all aspects of plant and animal development, including stem cell biology and regeneration. The single most important criterion for acceptance in Development is scientific excellence. Research papers (articles and reports) should therefore pose and test a significant hypothesis or address a significant question, and should provide novel perspectives that advance our understanding of development. We also encourage submission of papers that use computational methods or mathematical models to obtain significant new insights into developmental biology topics. Manuscripts that are descriptive in nature will be considered only when they lay important groundwork for a field and/or provide novel resources for understanding developmental processes of broad interest to the community.
Development includes a Techniques and Resources section for the publication of new methods, datasets, and other types of resources. Papers describing new techniques should include a proof-of-principle demonstration that the technique is valuable to the developmental biology community; they need not include in-depth follow-up analysis. The technique must be described in sufficient detail to be easily replicated by other investigators. Development will also consider protocol-type papers of exceptional interest to the community. We welcome submission of Resource papers, for example those reporting new databases, systems-level datasets, or genetic resources of major value to the developmental biology community. For all papers, the data or resource described must be made available to the community with minimal restrictions upon publication.
To aid navigability, Development has dedicated sections of the journal to stem cells & regeneration and to human development. The criteria for acceptance into these sections is identical to those outlined above. Authors and editors are encouraged to nominate appropriate manuscripts for inclusion in one of these sections.
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