The current use of nanotechnology in the fight against antimicrobial resistance: promising approaches to global health challenge

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide health emergency that requires creative solutions beyond the use of traditional antibiotics. Nanotechnology is a viable substitute that offers fresh methods to fight resilient microbial strains. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of information available regarding the use of nanotechnology to lessen the AMR challenge worldwide. This review examined the present application of nanotechnology to combat AMR. Different nanomaterials, such as metallic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanoparticles, are highlighted, along with their mechanisms of action, which include rupturing microbial membranes and producing reactive oxygen species. The review also looks at how nanotechnology is used in medical device coatings, drug delivery systems, and improving the effectiveness of current antibiotics. Notwithstanding its potential, issues like environmental effects, regulatory barriers, and safety concerns need to be addressed. Future directions should focus on the need for international collaboration as well as the application of nanotechnology into various antimicrobial tactics like bacteriophage and antimicrobial peptides. This review highlights the significant role that nanotechnology can play in combating AMR.