中国北方旱生灌木叶片生理特性和水分利用特性对干旱的响应

IF 6.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133204

Lei Wang , Ying Ma , Yue Li , Di Wang , Jinxia An , Yiming Shao , Guangyao Gao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

频繁的干旱对旱生灌木的水分利用特性和生理反应产生了明显的影响，显著改变了旱地区域水循环。研究旱生灌木叶片生理性状与根系水分吸收模式的协调关系是适应干旱的重要途径。以黄土高原半干旱地区沙柳（Salix shasamophila）为研究对象，对3个不同水文年（2019-2021）0 ~ 200 cm土壤水分动态、液流、叶级生理性状和稳定同位素（δ2H、δ18O和δ13C）进行了观测，探讨了水分利用模式和生理性状对干旱的响应。结果表明：湿润年（2019年）和正常年（2020年）沙棘主要利用0 ~ 40 cm浅层土壤水分，比例为46.0±12.3%，蒸腾速率和内在水分利用效率（iWUE）较高；在干旱年（2021年），土壤主要水源向中层（40 ~ 120 cm）转移，比例为51±1.5%，深层（120 ~ 200 cm）土壤水分利用率也有所增加，用水效率下降10%。3年间，平均39.4%和40.2%蒸腾由浅层和中层土壤水分提供。沙柳不能完全利用深层土壤水分缓解干旱胁迫，因为深层土壤持续干燥。而沙柳则通过调节叶片水平的生理性状（如降低叶片水势和叶面积指数）来减少蒸腾，以适应干旱。研究结果表明，深层土壤水分不是旱生灌木干旱期的可持续水源，深层土壤水分干燥是旱生灌木死亡的主要威胁。该研究加深了对旱生灌木抗旱机制的认识，为干旱地区灌木生态系统管理适应全球变暖提供了重要依据。

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Responses of leaf-level physiological traits and water use characteristics to drought of a xerophytic shrub in northern China

Frequent drought distinctly affects the water use characteristics and physiological responses of xerophytic shrubs, which has significantly altered the regional water cycle in drylands. It is essential to explore the coordination between leaf-level physiological traits and root water uptake patterns of xerophytic shrubs to adapt drought. In this study, the soil water dynamics in 0–200 cm, sap flow, leaf-level physiological traits, and stable isotopes (δ²H, δ¹⁸O, and δ¹³C) of Salix psammophila were observed over three different hydrological years (2019–2021) in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China, and the responses of water use patterns and physiological traits to drought were investigated. Results showed that in wet (2019) and normal (2020) years, S. psammophila mainly utilized soil water in shallow layer (0–40 cm) with proportion of 46.0 ± 12.3 % and had a higher transpiration rate and intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE). In dry year (2021), the main soil water source shifted to the middle layer (40–120 cm) with proportion of 51 ± 1.5 % and utilization of soil water in deep layer (120–200 cm) also increased, while iWUE decreased by 10 %. During the three years, an average of 39.4 % and 40.2 % of transpiration were provided by soil water in shallow and middle layers, respectively. S. psammophila could not completely alleviate drought stress by utilizing deep soil water due to persistent deep soil desiccation. In contrast, S. psammophila regulated leaf-level physiological traits (such as reducing leaf water potential and leaf area index) to reduce transpiration for adapting drought in dry year. The findings highlight that deep soil water is not a sustainable water source for xerophytic shrubs during drought, and deep soil water desiccation is the main threat for xerophytic shrub mortality. This study deepens understanding of drought resistance mechanisms of xerophytic shrubs, thereby providing essential insights for shrub ecosystem management to adapt global warming in drylands.

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来源期刊

Journal of Hydrology 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

12.50%

发文量

1309

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology and hydrogeology. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, hydraulics, agrohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, civil and environmental engineering are included. Social science perspectives on hydrological problems such as resource and ecological economics, environmental sociology, psychology and behavioural science, management and policy analysis are also invited. Multi-and interdisciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are within scope. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site.