人格特质对日常功能的影响：一组寻求帮助的年轻人的研究

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.03.049

Chiara Rossi , Lorenzo Antichi , Francesca De Salve , Marco Aldegheri , Antonio Basilisca , Sonia Facchetti , Erika Riva , Matteo Sala , Paola Scovazzi , Luca Micheletti , Giorgio Bianconi , Giovanna Valvassori Bolgè , Osmano Oasi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

功能障碍是精神健康障碍和首发精神病患者向旨在进行早期干预的公共精神卫生服务寻求帮助的常见问题。这些服务通常提供简短的心理治疗，以增强社会和专业功能。然而，这些短暂干预措施的效果各不相同。识别精神障碍的风险因素，如特定的人格特征，可以为制定更有效的早期干预策略提供信息。本研究旨在确定在意大利北部米兰公共精神卫生服务中心寻求帮助的年轻人中显著的人格特征作为社会和职业功能的预测因素。方法收集年龄18-27岁的229名参与者（男82名，女147名）的资料(M = 24.13；sd = 2.21)。参与者完成了一份社会人口调查问卷、DSM-5人格量表和社会与职业功能评估量表。进行了回归模型、随机森林和梯度增强机。结果以脱离为唯一预测因子的回归模型拟合效果最佳，越高的脱离水平与越低的社会和职业功能显著相关(MSE = 112.38，调整后R2 = 0.1188, p <；0.001)。在模型中加入负情感和去抑制并没有提高预测能力，并且引入了过拟合。此外，一些社会人口因素与更好的功能呈正相关。结论疏离是社会和职业障碍的主要预测因素。干预措施应优先处理与分离有关的特征，并将教育和职业支持结合起来，以增强功能。实施基于这些风险因素的个性化治疗可以改善心理健康结果并降低公共临床设施的成本。

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The impact of personality traits on daily functioning: A study on a group of help-seeking young adults

Introduction

Functional impairment is a common issue among patients with mental health disorders and first-episode psychosis who seek assistance from public mental health services designed for early intervention. These services often provide brief psychotherapeutic treatments to enhance social and professional functioning. However, the effectiveness of these brief interventions varies. Identifying risk factors for mental disorders, such as specific personality traits, could inform the development of more effective early intervention strategies. This study aims to identify significant personality traits as predictors of social and occupational functioning among help-seeking young adults at ASST Ovest Milanese public mental health services in Northern Italy.

Methods

Data were collected from 229 participants (82 males, 147 females) aged 18–27 (M = 24.13; SD = 2.21). Participants completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5, and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale. Regression models, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting Machines were conducted.

Results

The regression model with Detachment as the only predictor provided the best fit, indicating that higher levels of Detachment are significantly associated with lower social and occupational functioning (MSE = 112.38, adjusted R² = 0.1188, p < 0.001). Including Negative Affectivity and Disinhibition in the model did not improve predictive power and introduced overfitting. Additionally, some socio-demographic factors were positively associated with better functioning.

Conclusion

Detachment is a primary predictor of social and occupational impairment. Interventions should prioritize addressing detachment-related traits and integrate educational and vocational support to enhance functioning. Implementing individualized therapies based on these risk factors could improve mental health outcomes and reduce costs for public clinical facilities.

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来源期刊

Journal of psychiatric research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

2.10%

发文量

622

审稿时长

130 days

期刊介绍： Founded in 1961 to report on the latest work in psychiatry and cognate disciplines, the Journal of Psychiatric Research is dedicated to innovative and timely studies of four important areas of research: (1) clinical studies of all disciplines relating to psychiatric illness, as well as normal human behaviour, including biochemical, physiological, genetic, environmental, social, psychological and epidemiological factors; (2) basic studies pertaining to psychiatry in such fields as neuropsychopharmacology, neuroendocrinology, electrophysiology, genetics, experimental psychology and epidemiology; (3) the growing application of clinical laboratory techniques in psychiatry, including imagery and spectroscopy of the brain, molecular biology and computer sciences;