基质扩散控制山区山坡地下水年龄和推断存储动态。

Ground water Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI:10.1111/gwat.13475
Nicholas E Thiros, Erica R Woodburn, W Payton Gardner, James P Dennedy-Frank, Kenneth H Williams
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引用次数: 0

摘要

地下水年龄分布提供了对山地流域水与生物地球化学耦合过程的基本认识。实地研究发现,基岩下的山区集水区混合了年轻和年老的地下水;然而,人们对决定这些地下水年龄分布的过程知之甚少。在这项工作中,我们使用耦合的ParFlow-CLM综合水文和EcoSLIM颗粒跟踪模型来模拟美国科罗拉多州东河流域低山地山坡上的地下水年龄分布。我们开发了一种基于卷积的方法,将裂缝-基质扩散过程传播到EcoSLIM平流主导的年龄分布。我们比较了两个地下水井观测到的3H和4He浓度与具有不同平流输送时间和基质扩散幅度的模型预测。基于考虑不确定基质和裂缝参数的蒙特卡罗分析,我们发现需要基质扩散来联合预测两口井的3H和4He观测值。平流主导的年龄分布缺乏足够的年轻水和老年水的混合,无法捕捉到3H和4He的共存。在考虑平流流道和基质扩散混合过程时,与3H、4He和水位观测最匹配的模型情景具有一个动态基岩地下水水库,该水库在低雪期容易受到相当大的储存损失。这种动态地下水系统放大了将深层基岩地下水吸收到流域水文生物地球化学预测中的必要性。这项工作进一步强调了在解释基岩地下水系统中的环境示踪剂时考虑基质扩散的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Matrix Diffusion Controls Mountain Hillslope Groundwater Ages and Inferred Storage Dynamics.

Groundwater age distributions provide fundamental insights on coupled water and biogeochemical processes in mountain watersheds. Field-based studies have found mixtures of young and old-aged groundwater in mountain catchments underlain by bedrock; yet, the processes that dictate these groundwater age distributions are poorly understood. In this work, we use the coupled ParFlow-CLM integrated hydrologic and EcoSLIM particle tracking models to simulate groundwater age distributions on a lower montane hillslope in the East River Watershed, Colorado (USA). We develop a convolution-based approach to propagate fracture-matrix diffusion processes to the EcoSLIM advection-dominated age distributions. We compare observed 3H and 4He concentrations from two groundwater wells against model predictions that have varying advective transport times and matrix diffusion magnitudes. Based on a Monte Carlo analysis that considers uncertain matrix and fracture parameters, we find that matrix diffusion is needed to jointly predict 3H and 4He observations at both wells. The advection-dominated age distributions lack adequate mixing of young and old-aged water to capture the observed co-occurrence of 3H and 4He. The model scenario that best matches the 3H, 4He, and water level observations when considering both advective flowpath and matrix diffusion mixing processes has a dynamic bedrock groundwater reservoir that is susceptible to considerable storage losses during low-snow periods. This dynamic groundwater system amplifies the need to assimilate deeper bedrock groundwater into watershed hydro-biogeochemical predictions. This work further highlights the importance of considering matrix diffusion when interpreting environmental tracers in bedrock groundwater systems.

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