Locally advanced maxillary sinus cancer fed from the internal carotid artery.

Objective: Superselective intra-arterial infusion of cisplatin and concomitant radiation therapy (RADPLAT) is one of the effective treatments for advanced maxillary sinus cancer, and prospective trials have been conducted. However, treatment of cases with intraorbital infiltration or skull base infiltration that are fed from the internal carotid artery (ICA) may be problematic. In this study, we investigated the frequency, treatment, and prognosis of locally advanced maxillary sinus cancer fed from the ICA.

Method: This study included patients with locally advanced maxillary sinus cancer (clinical T4a or T4b) who underwent RADPLAT only via external carotid artery from January 2008 to January 2024.

Result: Nineteen of 44 cases were fed from the ICA (43.2%). Three-year overall survival (OS), three-year progression-free survival (PFS), and three-year local control rate (LCR) of all cases were 69.8%, 47.5%, and 61.8%, respectively. The three-year OS, PFS and LCR were equivalent between cases with or without feeding from the ICA.

Conclusion: This study revealed the frequency and prognosis of locally advanced maxillary sinus cancer fed from the ICA. The prognosis was equivalent between cases with or without feeding from the ICA; therefore, it would be considered important to determine the tumor volume for each feeding blood vessel and assess the areas of dual perfusion.