提高粘质土壤碳固存和聚集的潜在农业废弃物管理模式

Waste Management Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI:10.1016/j.wmb.2025.100196

Israt Jahan Ami, Sonia Nasrin, Falguni Akter, Milton Halder

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引用次数: 0

摘要

农业废弃物（作物残茬）的清除和焚烧，加上集约化耕作，导致土壤质量退化和碳排放。农业废弃物被认为是提高土壤碳储量和团聚度的有效途径。然而，农业废弃物管理促进土壤有机碳稳定和聚集的适宜策略尚未得到深入研究。从2021年到2022年进行了一项短期实地研究，以评估农业废物管理方法在提高聚集性（MWD）和矿物相关有机碳方面的潜力。研究包括6个处理：(1)对照，(2)施肥（NPK），(3)农业废弃物焚烧和灰化，(4)氮磷钾+农业废弃物焚烧和灰化，(5)农业废弃物8（水稻）和6（秋葵）吨施用，(6)氮磷钾+农业废弃物8（水稻）和6（秋葵）吨施用，为期一年(秋葵从11月中旬到3月中旬休耕，从3月中旬到7月中旬休耕，7月中旬到11月中旬种植水稻（Oryza sativa）。测定收获后土壤团聚体、土壤有机碳（SOC）、微生物生物量碳（MBC）和球囊素相关土壤蛋白（GRSP）。结果表明：与对照（0.28）相比，农药残留处理（0.49）、农药+氮磷钾处理（0.45）和仅氮磷钾处理（0.38）均显著提高了土壤MWD （mm）。0.05)。土壤有机碳（g kg - 1）以残渣+氮磷钾最高（18.35），其次为残渣（18.10），对照最低（15）(P <；0.01)。其中，残茬+氮磷钾处理的GRSP最高，仅残茬处理次之(p <；0.05)。团聚体的MBC和矿物相关有机碳含量依次为农用秸秆+氮磷钾+氮磷钾；农业残留物；残余燃烧+氮磷钾>；氮磷钾祝辞残余燃烧>；控制。在铁氧化物方面没有发现显著的结果。此外，MWD与有机碳相关，而矿物相关有机碳与MBC相关显著。结果表明，施用氮磷钾的农业废弃物具有增强黏性土壤团聚、减少侵蚀和增加矿物相关碳的潜力，从而减缓气候变化。

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Potential agricultural waste management modes to enhance carbon sequestration and aggregation in a clay soil

Agricultural wastes (crop residues) removal and burning, coupled with intensive farming, lead to soil quality degradation and carbon emissions. Agricultural wastes are considered an effective way to improve soil carbon stock and aggregation in soil. However, the suitable strategy for agricultural wastes management to enhance soil organic carbon stabilization and aggregation has not been intensively investigated. A short-term field study was conducted from 2021 to 2022 to assess the potential of agricultural wastes management approaches to enhance aggregation (MWD) and mineral-associated organic carbon. The study consisted of six treatments: (1) control, (2) fertilization (NPK), (3) agricultural waste burn and ash incorporation, (4) NPK + agricultural waste burn and ash incorporation, (5) agricultural waste application at 8 (rice) and 6 (okra) ton ha⁻¹, and (6) NPK + agricultural waste application at 8 (rice) and 6 (okra) ton ha⁻¹ with one year duration (Okra from mid-November to mid-March – fallow from mid-March to mid-July – lowland rice (Oryza sativa) mid-July to mid-November). Post-harvest soil aggregation, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) were estimated. The findings exhibited that MWD (mm) under agricultural residue (0.49), residue + NPK (0.45), and only NPK (0.38) were enhanced compared to the control (0.28) (P < 0.05). The highest SOC (g kg⁻¹) was found in residue + NPK (18.35), followed by only residue (18.10), and the lowest in the control (15) (P < 0.01). GRSP showed significant results, with the highest GRSP was observed with residue + NPK, followed by only residue application (p < 0.05). MBC and mineral-associated SOC of aggregates were reduced in the order of agricultural residue + NPK > agricultural residue > residue burn + NPK > NPK > residue burn > control. No significant results were found in terms of Fe oxides. Moreover, MWD was linked with SOC, while mineral-associated SOC was linked with MBC significantly. Results demonstrate that agricultural waste with NPK fertilizer has the potential to enhance aggregation, reduce erosion, and increase mineral-associated carbon in clay soil to mitigate climate change.

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Waste Management Bulletin

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