A narrative review of practical recommendations regarding the impact of negative plantar angle on the longevity of sport horses

The significance of hoof balance in preventing lameness in the distal limb is wellknown and widely described. This review provides an overview of the consequences of inappropriate phalangeal alignment and the improper orientation of the plantar surface of the coffin bone in the hind limb. Today's equine athletes work very close to the limits of the capability of some structures, and any deviations from the perfect conformation can contribute to the breakdown of these structures. Therefore, recognizing and managing a negative plantar angle is essential for the longevity and welfare of a horse's career. A comprehensive summary of this topic emphasizes how this issue affects rideability and health in sport horses. It also discusses future perspectives for developing new methods to study this problem. Monitoring hoof and posture morphology is essential for a proactive approach to horse welfare and soundness. Considering the increasing importance of injury prevention, we should cultivate interest in developing prehabilitation programs for horses with hind hooves imbalances.