{"title":"护理专业毕业生就业意向及其影响因素：一个结构方程模型","authors":"Xinmin Zhang, Yongai Zhang, Jiming Han, Yanhui Jiao, Jinpei Chen, Miao Chu, Zitong Guo","doi":"10.1155/jonm/7402874","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n <p><b>Objective:</b> To assess the associated factors of employment intention among contemporary nursing graduates.</p>\n <p><b>Background:</b> In the postepidemic era, the shortage of nurses and the decline in the employment rate have garnered significant attention globally. It is crucial to evaluate the factors associated with the employment intentions of nursing graduates to address the issue of nurse shortage. So far, existing research on the employment intentions of nursing graduates in China has mainly focused on examining the relationship between individual factors and employment intentions. However, there is a notable lack of systematic research grounded in scientific nursing theories that predicts employment intentions and related factors by constructing structural equation models to validate the interrelationships among variables.</p>\n <p><b>Methods:</b> A total of 1332 nursing graduates were selected from 15 undergraduate colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China, using cross-sectional multistage cluster sampling. A model was constructed, and variables including human capital, learning satisfaction, social support, professional values, psychological capital, and employment intention were measured through structured questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, while AMOS 24.0 was utilized for the verification and analysis of structural equation modeling.</p>\n <p><b>Results:</b> The final model explained 20.2% of the total variation of nursing graduates’ employment intention. Learning satisfaction (<i>B</i> = 0.417, <i>p</i> < 0.001), social support (<i>B</i> = −0.101, <i>p</i> < 0.05), professional values (<i>B</i> = 0.630, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and psychological capital (<i>B</i> = 0.594, <i>p</i> < 0.001) significantly influence employment intention. The total effects of learning satisfaction and psychological capital on employment intention were (0.225 and 0.283), direct effects of (0.129 and 0.235), and indirect effects of (0.096 and 0.048), respectively.</p>\n <p><b>Conclusion:</b> The employment intentions of nursing graduates are influenced by various factors, among which psychological capital is the most significant.</p>\n <p><b>Implications for Nursing Management:</b> The education departments related to nursing talent cultivation should continuously explore the effectiveness of vocational education, adopt various social support methods, optimize the undergraduate nursing teaching model, and improve the learning satisfaction and human capital level of nursing graduates. This will enhance their psychological capital and help them establish a correct professional value system, thereby increasing the employment intentions of nursing graduates.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":49297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nursing Management","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jonm/7402874","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Employment Intention and Associated Factors of Nursing Graduates: A Structural Equation Model\",\"authors\":\"Xinmin Zhang, Yongai Zhang, Jiming Han, Yanhui Jiao, Jinpei Chen, Miao Chu, Zitong Guo\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/jonm/7402874\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n <p><b>Objective:</b> To assess the associated factors of employment intention among contemporary nursing graduates.</p>\\n <p><b>Background:</b> In the postepidemic era, the shortage of nurses and the decline in the employment rate have garnered significant attention globally. It is crucial to evaluate the factors associated with the employment intentions of nursing graduates to address the issue of nurse shortage. So far, existing research on the employment intentions of nursing graduates in China has mainly focused on examining the relationship between individual factors and employment intentions. However, there is a notable lack of systematic research grounded in scientific nursing theories that predicts employment intentions and related factors by constructing structural equation models to validate the interrelationships among variables.</p>\\n <p><b>Methods:</b> A total of 1332 nursing graduates were selected from 15 undergraduate colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China, using cross-sectional multistage cluster sampling. A model was constructed, and variables including human capital, learning satisfaction, social support, professional values, psychological capital, and employment intention were measured through structured questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, while AMOS 24.0 was utilized for the verification and analysis of structural equation modeling.</p>\\n <p><b>Results:</b> The final model explained 20.2% of the total variation of nursing graduates’ employment intention. Learning satisfaction (<i>B</i> = 0.417, <i>p</i> < 0.001), social support (<i>B</i> = −0.101, <i>p</i> < 0.05), professional values (<i>B</i> = 0.630, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and psychological capital (<i>B</i> = 0.594, <i>p</i> < 0.001) significantly influence employment intention. The total effects of learning satisfaction and psychological capital on employment intention were (0.225 and 0.283), direct effects of (0.129 and 0.235), and indirect effects of (0.096 and 0.048), respectively.</p>\\n <p><b>Conclusion:</b> The employment intentions of nursing graduates are influenced by various factors, among which psychological capital is the most significant.</p>\\n <p><b>Implications for Nursing Management:</b> The education departments related to nursing talent cultivation should continuously explore the effectiveness of vocational education, adopt various social support methods, optimize the undergraduate nursing teaching model, and improve the learning satisfaction and human capital level of nursing graduates. This will enhance their psychological capital and help them establish a correct professional value system, thereby increasing the employment intentions of nursing graduates.</p>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49297,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Nursing Management\",\"volume\":\"2025 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jonm/7402874\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Nursing Management\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/jonm/7402874\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MANAGEMENT\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nursing Management","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/jonm/7402874","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MANAGEMENT","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：探讨当代护理专业毕业生就业意向的相关因素。背景：在后疫情时代，护士短缺和就业率下降问题在全球范围内引起了广泛关注。评估与护理毕业生就业意向相关的因素对于解决护士短缺问题至关重要。目前国内对护理专业毕业生就业意向的研究主要集中在考察个体因素与就业意向之间的关系。然而，基于科学的护理理论，构建结构方程模型来预测就业意向及其相关因素，以验证变量之间的相互关系，目前还缺乏系统的研究。方法：采用横断面多阶段整群抽样方法，抽取陕西省15所本科院校护理专业毕业生1332名。构建模型，通过结构化问卷对人力资本、学习满意度、社会支持、职业价值观、心理资本、就业意向等变量进行测量。采用SPSS 26.0进行描述性分析，采用AMOS 24.0对结构方程模型进行验证分析。结果：最终模型解释了护理毕业生就业意向总变异的20.2%。学习满意度(B = 0.417, p <；0.001)，社会支持(B = - 0.101, p <；0.05)，职业价值观(B = 0.630, p <；0.001)，心理资本(B = 0.594, p <；0.001)显著影响就业意向。学习满意度和心理资本对就业意向的总影响分别为（0.225和0.283），直接影响分别为（0.129和0.235），间接影响分别为（0.096和0.048）。结论：护理专业毕业生就业意向受多种因素影响，其中心理资本的影响最为显著。对护理管理的启示：护理人才培养相关教育部门应不断探索职业教育的有效性，采用多种社会支持方式，优化本科护理教学模式，提高护理毕业生的学习满意度和人力资本水平。这将增强他们的心理资本，帮助他们建立正确的职业价值体系，从而提高护理毕业生的就业意向。
Employment Intention and Associated Factors of Nursing Graduates: A Structural Equation Model
Objective: To assess the associated factors of employment intention among contemporary nursing graduates.
Background: In the postepidemic era, the shortage of nurses and the decline in the employment rate have garnered significant attention globally. It is crucial to evaluate the factors associated with the employment intentions of nursing graduates to address the issue of nurse shortage. So far, existing research on the employment intentions of nursing graduates in China has mainly focused on examining the relationship between individual factors and employment intentions. However, there is a notable lack of systematic research grounded in scientific nursing theories that predicts employment intentions and related factors by constructing structural equation models to validate the interrelationships among variables.
Methods: A total of 1332 nursing graduates were selected from 15 undergraduate colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China, using cross-sectional multistage cluster sampling. A model was constructed, and variables including human capital, learning satisfaction, social support, professional values, psychological capital, and employment intention were measured through structured questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, while AMOS 24.0 was utilized for the verification and analysis of structural equation modeling.
Results: The final model explained 20.2% of the total variation of nursing graduates’ employment intention. Learning satisfaction (B = 0.417, p < 0.001), social support (B = −0.101, p < 0.05), professional values (B = 0.630, p < 0.001), and psychological capital (B = 0.594, p < 0.001) significantly influence employment intention. The total effects of learning satisfaction and psychological capital on employment intention were (0.225 and 0.283), direct effects of (0.129 and 0.235), and indirect effects of (0.096 and 0.048), respectively.
Conclusion: The employment intentions of nursing graduates are influenced by various factors, among which psychological capital is the most significant.
Implications for Nursing Management: The education departments related to nursing talent cultivation should continuously explore the effectiveness of vocational education, adopt various social support methods, optimize the undergraduate nursing teaching model, and improve the learning satisfaction and human capital level of nursing graduates. This will enhance their psychological capital and help them establish a correct professional value system, thereby increasing the employment intentions of nursing graduates.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Nursing Management is an international forum which informs and advances the discipline of nursing management and leadership. The Journal encourages scholarly debate and critical analysis resulting in a rich source of evidence which underpins and illuminates the practice of management, innovation and leadership in nursing and health care. It publishes current issues and developments in practice in the form of research papers, in-depth commentaries and analyses.
The complex and rapidly changing nature of global health care is constantly generating new challenges and questions. The Journal of Nursing Management welcomes papers from researchers, academics, practitioners, managers, and policy makers from a range of countries and backgrounds which examine these issues and contribute to the body of knowledge in international nursing management and leadership worldwide.
The Journal of Nursing Management aims to:
-Inform practitioners and researchers in nursing management and leadership
-Explore and debate current issues in nursing management and leadership
-Assess the evidence for current practice
-Develop best practice in nursing management and leadership
-Examine the impact of policy developments
-Address issues in governance, quality and safety
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