如何成为一个哥本哈根主义者。

IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI:10.3390/e27030248
Marcin Wieśniak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

量子力学(QM)中的测量问题与不能在量子理论的形式体系中包含代理对量子系统性质的学习有关。它包括关于测量背后的物理过程的问题,获得结果的唯一性和随机性,以及国家的本体或认知作用。这些问题引发了对量子理论的各种解释。他们从拒绝物理现实和测量过程之间的任何联系到坚持波函数的坍缩是真实的,并且可能涉及意识。另一方面,在这些解释中没有广泛讨论测量的实际机制。本文试图从科学共识的角度来探讨量子测量问题。我们首先简要概述了生物体中传感的发展。这样做是为了强调现实与我们的经验之间的关系。然后,我们简要地介绍了在选择的解释中测量问题的不同方法。然后,我们陈述了三个哲学假设以供进一步考虑,并将测量行为分解为四个阶段:转换,转换,放大和广播,最后是感知。这些阶段中的每一个都提供了对促成它的物理过程的直觉。这些结论随后被用于讨论诸如客观性、逆转测量的不可行性或波函数的认知状态等问题。最后,我们认为那些支持一些最流行的解释的人可以在他们的信念和这里提出的考虑的后果之间找到重叠。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How to Be a Copenhagenistic-QBistic Everettist.

The measurement problem in quantum mechanics (QM) is related to the inability to include learning about the properties of a quantum system by an agent in the formalism of quantum theory. It includes questions about the physical processes behind the measurement, uniqueness, and randomness of obtained outcomes and an ontic or epistemic role of the state. These issues have triggered various interpretations of quantum theory. They vary from refusing any connection between physical reality and a measurement process to insisting that a collapse of the wave-function is real and possibly involves consciousness. On the other hand, the actual mechanism of a measurement is not extensively discussed in these interpretations. This essay attempts to investigate the quantum measurement problem from the position of the scientific consensus. We begin with a short overview of the development of sensing in living organisms. This is performed for the purpose of stressing the relation between reality and our experience. We then briefly present different approaches to the measurement problem in chosen interpretations. We then state three philosophical assumptions for further consideration and present a decomposition of the measurement act into four stages: transformation, conversion, amplification and broadcasting, and, finally, perception. Each of these stages provides an intuition about the physical processes contributing to it. These conclusions are then used in a discussion about, e.g., objectivity, the implausibility of reversing a measurement, or the epistemic status of the wave-function. Finally, we argue that those in favor of some of the most popular interpretations can find an overlap between their beliefs and the consequences of considerations presented here.

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来源期刊
Entropy
Entropy PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
11.10%
发文量
1580
审稿时长
21.05 days
期刊介绍: Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300), an international and interdisciplinary journal of entropy and information studies, publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish as much as possible their theoretical and experimental details. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. If there are computation and the experiment, the details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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