探索不同小麦基因型苗期发芽性状的耐旱性:一种多元分析方法。

IF 4.3 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Kashif Ahmed, Ghulam Shabbir, Mukhtar Ahmed
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引用次数: 0

摘要

小麦作为许多地区的主食,在全球具有至关重要的地位。干旱胁迫显著阻碍小麦种子萌发。缺乏耐旱小麦品种阻碍了小麦生产,特别是在世界干旱地区。研究了聚乙二醇(PEG6000)对80个小麦基因型的种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。研究包括PEG-20% (ψ: -0.491 MPa)和PEG-25% (ψ: -0.735 MPa)诱导的两种渗透电位,以及不含PEG的对照组。结果表明,聚乙二醇引起的脱水对小麦幼苗的形态特征有不利影响,在萌发初期造成大量损失。方差分析的结果解释了所有观察变量的高度显著方差(p PEG),以及基因型和PEG处理(G x TPEG)之间的相互作用。水分缺乏从根本上影响了面包小麦在上升渗透胁迫下的所有苗期性状,在-0.735 MPa诱导下,发芽率(GP)、茎长(SL)、根长(RL)、胚芽长(CL)、苗长(SDL)、根鲜重(FRW)、根干重(DRW)、茎鲜重(FSW)、茎干重(DSW)、幼苗生物量(SBM)和幼苗活力指数(SVI)比对照(PEG-0%)降低了约30-95%。相对抑制系数(CRI)在渗透胁迫下升高,表现出生长抑制。散点图和相关矩阵显示,除CRI外,大多数幼苗性状在胁迫下呈显著正相关。大多数变量的直方图显示出更大的取值范围和更多样化的分布模式。主成分分析(PCA)和性状双图基因型分析表明,PC1占累积变异的94.29%,其特征值为11.31。热图显示了不同的基因型和性状特征,表明基因型性能的抗旱性较高,易感性较低。多变量分析结果表明,NR-499、NARC-2009和巴基斯坦-2013是三个基因型中耐旱性最强的小麦品系;其中Borlaug-2016、NR-514和NR-516为高易感指标,而SBM、SDL、SVI和CRI为后续筛选的关键指标。这些耐旱小麦品系为培育可在干旱地区茁壮成长的耐旱品种提供了良好的潜力,从而加强了缺水环境下的小麦生产。将这些发现纳入育种计划对于实现耐旱小麦品种在改变全球小麦生产方面的潜力至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring drought tolerance for germination traits of diverse wheat genotypes at seedling stage: a multivariate analysis approach.

Wheat holds crucial global importance as a staple food in many regions. Drought stress significantly impedes seed germination of wheat. The lack of drought-tolerant wheat varieties hampers wheat production, especially in arid regions of the world. This study investigated seed germination and seedling growth in eighty wheat genotypes under moisture stress stimulated by polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). The study included two osmotic potentials induced by PEG-20% (ψ: -0.491 MPa) and PEG-25% (ψ: -0.735 MPa), as well as a control set without PEG. The data showed that dehydration caused by polyethylene glycol generally had an adverse effect on the morphological characteristics of wheat seedlings by causing substantial losses during the early germination stage. The results acquired from analysis of variance explained highly significant variances (p < 0.01) across genotypes (G), PEG-Treatments (TPEG), and interactions between genotypes and PEG-Treatments (G x TPEG) for all observed variables. Moisture deficit radically affected all studied seedling traits of bread wheat under rising osmotic stress, with germination percentage (GP), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), coleoptile length (CL), seedling length (SDL), root fresh weight (FRW), root dry weight (DRW), shoot fresh weight (FSW), shoot dry weight (DSW), seedling biomass (SBM) and seedling vigor index (SVI) reduced by about 30-95% compared to control (PEG-0%) to the maximum induced osmotic stress at -0.735 MPa. The coefficient of relative inhibition (CRI) rose in response to osmotic stress, demonstrating growth inhibition. Boxplots demonstrated a considerable decline under stress, although scatter plots and correlation matrices revealed significant positive associations for most seedling traits, except CRI. The histograms for most variables showed a wider value range and more diversified distribution patterns. Principal component analysis (PCA) and genotype by trait biplot emphasized that PC1 represented 94.29% of the cumulative variation, with an eigenvalue of 11.31 out of 12 components. The heatmap displayed diverse genotype and trait characteristics, indicating higher values for drought resistance and lower values for susceptibility in genotype performance. As indicated by a range of multivariate analyses, the wheat lines NR-499, NARC-2009 and Pakistan-2013 stood out as the most drought-tolerant among the genotypes; whereas Borlaug-2016, NR-514 and NR-516 were found to be highly susceptible, whereas SBM, SDL, SVI and CRI have been found key indicators for subsequent screening. These tolerant wheat lines offer promising potential for developing drought-tolerant varieties that could thrive in arid regions, thereby strengthening wheat production in water-stressed environments. Integrating these findings into breeding programs is crucial for realizing the potential of drought-tolerant wheat varieties in transforming global wheat production.

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来源期刊
BMC Plant Biology
BMC Plant Biology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
539
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: BMC Plant Biology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of plant biology, including molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and whole organism research.
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