Arman Shafiee, Zahra Nakhaee, Mohammad Javad Amini, Fatemeh Esmailpur Abianeh, Mana Goodarzi, Samira Parvizi Omran, Hamed Hajishah, Dina Sadeghi, Aida Rezaei Nejad, Mahmood Bakhtiyari
{"title":"人类疱疹病毒再激活与抑郁症的双向关系:一项系统综述和荟萃分析。","authors":"Arman Shafiee, Zahra Nakhaee, Mohammad Javad Amini, Fatemeh Esmailpur Abianeh, Mana Goodarzi, Samira Parvizi Omran, Hamed Hajishah, Dina Sadeghi, Aida Rezaei Nejad, Mahmood Bakhtiyari","doi":"10.1007/s13365-025-01246-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human herpesviruses (HHVs) are lifelong pathogens that can reactivate under stress or immunological changes. Depression has been implicated as both a potential trigger for and a consequence of HHV reactivation. This study investigates the bidirectional relationship between HHV reactivation and depression through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024565616). A search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus identified studies published through March 5, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen studies, representing a total sample size of 94,194 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) demonstrated a significant association between HHV reactivation and depression (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07-1.64; p < 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 92%). Subgroup analyses revealed significant associations for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.80-2.20) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.32-2.55), while cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HSV-1 showed non-significant associations. A secondary meta-analysis found a significant association between pre-morbid depression and EBV reactivation (OR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.48-3.21) as well as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation (HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.06-1.13). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, and no substantial publication bias was detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides evidence of a bidirectional relationship between HHV reactivation and depression, highlighting depression as both a risk factor for and a potential consequence of HHV reactivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":" ","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Bidirectional relationship between human herpes virus reactivation and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Arman Shafiee, Zahra Nakhaee, Mohammad Javad Amini, Fatemeh Esmailpur Abianeh, Mana Goodarzi, Samira Parvizi Omran, Hamed Hajishah, Dina Sadeghi, Aida Rezaei Nejad, Mahmood Bakhtiyari\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13365-025-01246-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human herpesviruses (HHVs) are lifelong pathogens that can reactivate under stress or immunological changes. Depression has been implicated as both a potential trigger for and a consequence of HHV reactivation. This study investigates the bidirectional relationship between HHV reactivation and depression through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024565616). A search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus identified studies published through March 5, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen studies, representing a total sample size of 94,194 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) demonstrated a significant association between HHV reactivation and depression (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07-1.64; p < 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 92%). Subgroup analyses revealed significant associations for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.80-2.20) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.32-2.55), while cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HSV-1 showed non-significant associations. A secondary meta-analysis found a significant association between pre-morbid depression and EBV reactivation (OR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.48-3.21) as well as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation (HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.06-1.13). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, and no substantial publication bias was detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides evidence of a bidirectional relationship between HHV reactivation and depression, highlighting depression as both a risk factor for and a potential consequence of HHV reactivation.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16665,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of NeuroVirology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"145-153\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of NeuroVirology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-025-01246-x\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/3/26 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"NEUROSCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of NeuroVirology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-025-01246-x","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/3/26 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Bidirectional relationship between human herpes virus reactivation and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Background: Human herpesviruses (HHVs) are lifelong pathogens that can reactivate under stress or immunological changes. Depression has been implicated as both a potential trigger for and a consequence of HHV reactivation. This study investigates the bidirectional relationship between HHV reactivation and depression through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024565616). A search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus identified studies published through March 5, 2024.
Results: Nineteen studies, representing a total sample size of 94,194 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) demonstrated a significant association between HHV reactivation and depression (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07-1.64; p < 0.001; I2 = 92%). Subgroup analyses revealed significant associations for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.80-2.20) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.32-2.55), while cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HSV-1 showed non-significant associations. A secondary meta-analysis found a significant association between pre-morbid depression and EBV reactivation (OR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.48-3.21) as well as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation (HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.06-1.13). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, and no substantial publication bias was detected.
Conclusion: This study provides evidence of a bidirectional relationship between HHV reactivation and depression, highlighting depression as both a risk factor for and a potential consequence of HHV reactivation.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of NeuroVirology (JNV) provides a unique platform for the publication of high-quality basic science and clinical studies on the molecular biology and pathogenesis of viral infections of the nervous system, and for reporting on the development of novel therapeutic strategies using neurotropic viral vectors. The Journal also emphasizes publication of non-viral infections that affect the central nervous system. The Journal publishes original research articles, reviews, case reports, coverage of various scientific meetings, along with supplements and special issues on selected subjects.
The Journal is currently accepting submissions of original work from the following basic and clinical research areas: Aging & Neurodegeneration, Apoptosis, CNS Signal Transduction, Emerging CNS Infections, Molecular Virology, Neural-Immune Interaction, Novel Diagnostics, Novel Therapeutics, Stem Cell Biology, Transmissable Encephalopathies/Prion, Vaccine Development, Viral Genomics, Viral Neurooncology, Viral Neurochemistry, Viral Neuroimmunology, Viral Neuropharmacology.