Jianghan Tian, Yanchen Gao, Changchao Yan, Nasrin Azad, Hailong He
{"title":"基于ERA5-land、CMIP6和GEE数据,1980 - 2100年中国东北黑土区呈现增温干燥趋势","authors":"Jianghan Tian, Yanchen Gao, Changchao Yan, Nasrin Azad, Hailong He","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12118-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global warming has been extensively documented in the twenty-first century, resulting in increased frequency of extreme weather events that pose threats to both agriculture and human welfare worldwide. The black soil region in Northeast China (NEBS) is home to a large region and vulnerable to climate change. NEBS benefits from its fertile soil enriched with soil organic matter and has been serving as one of China’s key commodity grain bases. Great efforts have been made in previous studies evaluating the climate change in NEBS. However, spatiotemporal patterns of climate change remain unknown. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess climate differences under different land cover and altitude gradient in NEBS between 1981 and 2020 based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) and ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation Land (ERA5-Land) reanalysis dataset. Mann–Kendall (MK) trend analysis was used to conclude the climate change in the NEBS over the past 40 years. The climate differences under different altitude gradients and land cover were then analyzed. In addition, the predicted climate change in NEBS was presented with Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) data. The results indicate a temperature rise across the entire NEBS, while a decrease in precipitation for 98% of this region. A significant effect of altitudinal difference was observed on temperature variation, while its influence on precipitation change was insignificant. The forest exhibited less significant altitude differences compared to croplands and grasslands. The CMIP6 data show that the NEBS would continue to warm but slightly humid. These results highlight the necessity to consider the climate differences under different altitudes and land cover for climate change study in NEBS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The black soil region of northeast China shows a warming and drying trend between 1980 and 2100 based on ERA5-land, CMIP6 and GEE\",\"authors\":\"Jianghan Tian, Yanchen Gao, Changchao Yan, Nasrin Azad, Hailong He\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12665-025-12118-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Global warming has been extensively documented in the twenty-first century, resulting in increased frequency of extreme weather events that pose threats to both agriculture and human welfare worldwide. The black soil region in Northeast China (NEBS) is home to a large region and vulnerable to climate change. NEBS benefits from its fertile soil enriched with soil organic matter and has been serving as one of China’s key commodity grain bases. Great efforts have been made in previous studies evaluating the climate change in NEBS. However, spatiotemporal patterns of climate change remain unknown. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess climate differences under different land cover and altitude gradient in NEBS between 1981 and 2020 based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) and ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation Land (ERA5-Land) reanalysis dataset. Mann–Kendall (MK) trend analysis was used to conclude the climate change in the NEBS over the past 40 years. The climate differences under different altitude gradients and land cover were then analyzed. In addition, the predicted climate change in NEBS was presented with Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) data. The results indicate a temperature rise across the entire NEBS, while a decrease in precipitation for 98% of this region. A significant effect of altitudinal difference was observed on temperature variation, while its influence on precipitation change was insignificant. The forest exhibited less significant altitude differences compared to croplands and grasslands. The CMIP6 data show that the NEBS would continue to warm but slightly humid. These results highlight the necessity to consider the climate differences under different altitudes and land cover for climate change study in NEBS.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":542,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Environmental Earth Sciences\",\"volume\":\"84 7\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Environmental Earth Sciences\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12665-025-12118-2\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Earth Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12665-025-12118-2","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
The black soil region of northeast China shows a warming and drying trend between 1980 and 2100 based on ERA5-land, CMIP6 and GEE
Global warming has been extensively documented in the twenty-first century, resulting in increased frequency of extreme weather events that pose threats to both agriculture and human welfare worldwide. The black soil region in Northeast China (NEBS) is home to a large region and vulnerable to climate change. NEBS benefits from its fertile soil enriched with soil organic matter and has been serving as one of China’s key commodity grain bases. Great efforts have been made in previous studies evaluating the climate change in NEBS. However, spatiotemporal patterns of climate change remain unknown. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess climate differences under different land cover and altitude gradient in NEBS between 1981 and 2020 based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) and ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation Land (ERA5-Land) reanalysis dataset. Mann–Kendall (MK) trend analysis was used to conclude the climate change in the NEBS over the past 40 years. The climate differences under different altitude gradients and land cover were then analyzed. In addition, the predicted climate change in NEBS was presented with Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) data. The results indicate a temperature rise across the entire NEBS, while a decrease in precipitation for 98% of this region. A significant effect of altitudinal difference was observed on temperature variation, while its influence on precipitation change was insignificant. The forest exhibited less significant altitude differences compared to croplands and grasslands. The CMIP6 data show that the NEBS would continue to warm but slightly humid. These results highlight the necessity to consider the climate differences under different altitudes and land cover for climate change study in NEBS.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Earth Sciences is an international multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of interaction between humans, natural resources, ecosystems, special climates or unique geographic zones, and the earth:
Water and soil contamination caused by waste management and disposal practices
Environmental problems associated with transportation by land, air, or water
Geological processes that may impact biosystems or humans
Man-made or naturally occurring geological or hydrological hazards
Environmental problems associated with the recovery of materials from the earth
Environmental problems caused by extraction of minerals, coal, and ores, as well as oil and gas, water and alternative energy sources
Environmental impacts of exploration and recultivation – Environmental impacts of hazardous materials
Management of environmental data and information in data banks and information systems
Dissemination of knowledge on techniques, methods, approaches and experiences to improve and remediate the environment
In pursuit of these topics, the geoscientific disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. Major disciplines include: hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, geochemistry, geophysics, engineering geology, remediation science, natural resources management, environmental climatology and biota, environmental geography, soil science and geomicrobiology.