Carbon Framework Endows High-Stability Molybdenum Sulfide Nanosheet Anode for High-Voltage and Fast-Charging Alkali-Ion Batteries

Molybdenum disulfide (i.e., MoS₂), while promising as an anode for alkali-ion batteries, faces critical challenges including structural degradation and sluggish ion diffusion kinetics in practical applications. Herein, MoS₂ nanosheets anchored on a carbon framework (i.e., CF@MoS₂) through C─S bonds were successfully synthesized, in which the three-dimensional carbon framework was synthesized using tellurium nanowires as the template. The C─S interfacial bonding ensures robust structural integration, while expanded interlayer spacing and bimodal pore channels synergistically enhance ion/electron transport. As a result, the as-prepared CF@MoS₂ demonstrates unprecedented performance in both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). A high lithium storage capacity of 1072 mAh g⁻¹ with superior stability over 500 cycles at 1.0 A g⁻¹ can be achieved, while a high-rate capacity of 570 mAh g⁻¹ at 5.0 A g⁻¹ and excellent cycling stability over 500 cycles are also demonstrated in SIBs. The great features of CF@MoS₂ are further confirmed versus LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ cathode in a high-voltage and fast-charging lithium-ion full battery, where the excellent stability and long lifespan are both confirmed. This work probes a great potential for developing metal sulfide-based electrodes in next-generation fast-charging energy storage systems.