Public perception and VSC-HVDC power transmission adoption: Experiences and lessons learned from past cases

Voltage source converter high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) technology is viewed as a transformative solution for power transmission, particularly connecting remote renewable energy sources to urban areas. However, public opposition has historically challenged the adoption of power transmission projects. This study employs Boudet's technology-people-place-process framework to examine the public perception of two projects: Ten West Link (United States) and SuedOstLink (Germany). Through extensive document analysis and insights from selected technical experts, the research reveals the importance of early stakeholder involvement and comprehensive information sharing about projects' impact. The study then applies these findings to highlight how experiences from previous projects can guide future implementation in addressing public perception challenges. A reflection on South Korea's planned West Sea (Yellow Sea) HVDC project demonstrates the framework's applicability to future initiatives aimed at boosting renewable energy penetration. Key findings emphasize that successful VSC-HVDC project implementation depends on ensuring technology stability, fostering extensive stakeholder participation, engaging in early and transparent public communication, and responding effectively to community needs. The research concludes that future projects should prioritize stakeholder involvement to address public concerns and ensure community participation in decision-making, thereby facilitating the effective adoption of VSC-HVDC technology to develop sustainable energy infrastructure.