Pierluigi Francesco Salvo , Valentina Iannone , Francesca Lombardi , Arturo Ciccullo , Francesco Lamanna , Rosa Anna Passerotto , Gianmaria Baldin , Rebecca Jo Steiner , Andrea Carbone , Valentina Massaroni , Simona Di Giambenedetto , Alberto Borghetti
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A total 220 PLWH were selected: 72 cases and 148 controls. None developed severe Covid-19 disease and only one participant required hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 220 PLWH were enrolled: 72 cases and 148 controls. Characteristics of cases and controls were similar, except for the ART regimen used and the last HIV-RNA concentration before the enrollment date. By an adjusted multivariable logistic regression, the estimated odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher in more recent years (2022 versus 2020 aOR 20.74, 95 % CI 5.26–81.8) and in PLWH with last HIV-RNA >50 cp/mL before enrollment date (versus <50 aOR 4.56, 95 % CI 1.01–20.46). A reduced odds was correlated with >3 vaccine doses (versus <3 or not vaccinated aOR 0.08, 95 % CI 0.02–0.24).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this cohort, the odds of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition increased over time, probably due to change in lock-down measures and in SARS-CoV-2 circulating variants.Detectable viral load was associated with increased risk of infection, highlighting the importance of HIV-RNA monitoring during pandemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Estimating risk of acquiring SARS-COV2 infection in treatment-experienced PLWH: A case-control study\",\"authors\":\"Pierluigi Francesco Salvo , Valentina Iannone , Francesca Lombardi , Arturo Ciccullo , Francesco Lamanna , Rosa Anna Passerotto , Gianmaria Baldin , Rebecca Jo Steiner , Andrea Carbone , Valentina Massaroni , Simona Di Giambenedetto , Alberto Borghetti\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100198\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Risk factors for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with HIV (PLWH) and the true relationship between HIV and SARS CoV-2, are still not fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to identify the independent risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 acquisition in treatment experienced PLWH, shedding light on potential risk factors associated with SARS CoV-2 infection in PLWH undergoing treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>PLWH were recruited from the Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS in Italy and randomly interviewed via a questionnaire during their follow-up visits to determine if they had experienced a SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and June 2022.</div><div>For each participant with reported history of SARS-CoV-2 (cases), two PLWH with no declared COVID-19 infection were selected (controls); PLWH had a similar potential exposure time to SARS-CoV-2. A total 220 PLWH were selected: 72 cases and 148 controls. None developed severe Covid-19 disease and only one participant required hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 220 PLWH were enrolled: 72 cases and 148 controls. Characteristics of cases and controls were similar, except for the ART regimen used and the last HIV-RNA concentration before the enrollment date. By an adjusted multivariable logistic regression, the estimated odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher in more recent years (2022 versus 2020 aOR 20.74, 95 % CI 5.26–81.8) and in PLWH with last HIV-RNA >50 cp/mL before enrollment date (versus <50 aOR 4.56, 95 % CI 1.01–20.46). 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引用次数: 0
摘要
HIV感染者感染SARS-CoV-2的危险因素以及HIV与SARS-CoV-2之间的真正关系尚不完全清楚。目的本研究的目的是确定PLWH治疗中感染SARS-CoV-2的独立危险因素，揭示PLWH治疗中感染SARS-CoV-2的潜在危险因素。研究设计从意大利杰梅利大学基金会（Fondazione Policlinico Universitario a . gemelli IRCCS）传染病门诊诊所招募plwh，并在随访期间通过问卷随机采访，以确定他们是否在2020年3月至2022年6月期间经历过SARS-CoV-2感染。对于每一名报告有SARS-CoV-2病史的参与者（病例），选择两名未报告感染COVID-19的PLWH（对照组）；PLWH对SARS-CoV-2的潜在暴露时间相似。共选取PLWH 220例：72例，对照组148例。没有人患上严重的Covid-19疾病，只有一名参与者需要住院治疗。结果共纳入PLWH 220例，其中病例72例，对照组148例。除了使用抗逆转录病毒治疗方案和入组日期前最后一次HIV-RNA浓度不同，病例和对照组的特征相似。通过调整后的多变量logistic回归，近年来SARS-CoV-2感染的估计几率更高（2022年比2020年aOR 20.74, 95% CI 5.26-81.8），在入组日期前最后一次HIV-RNA为50 cp/mL的PLWH中（50 aOR 4.56, 95% CI 1.01-20.46）。降低的比值与接种3剂疫苗相关（与未接种3剂或未接种相关：or 0.08, 95% CI 0.02-0.24）。在该队列中，SARS-CoV-2感染的几率随着时间的推移而增加，可能是由于封锁措施和SARS-CoV-2循环变体的变化。可检测的病毒载量与感染风险增加有关，这突出了在大流行期间监测艾滋病毒rna的重要性。
Estimating risk of acquiring SARS-COV2 infection in treatment-experienced PLWH: A case-control study
Background
Risk factors for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with HIV (PLWH) and the true relationship between HIV and SARS CoV-2, are still not fully understood.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to identify the independent risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 acquisition in treatment experienced PLWH, shedding light on potential risk factors associated with SARS CoV-2 infection in PLWH undergoing treatment.
Study design
PLWH were recruited from the Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS in Italy and randomly interviewed via a questionnaire during their follow-up visits to determine if they had experienced a SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and June 2022.
For each participant with reported history of SARS-CoV-2 (cases), two PLWH with no declared COVID-19 infection were selected (controls); PLWH had a similar potential exposure time to SARS-CoV-2. A total 220 PLWH were selected: 72 cases and 148 controls. None developed severe Covid-19 disease and only one participant required hospitalization.
Results
Overall, 220 PLWH were enrolled: 72 cases and 148 controls. Characteristics of cases and controls were similar, except for the ART regimen used and the last HIV-RNA concentration before the enrollment date. By an adjusted multivariable logistic regression, the estimated odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher in more recent years (2022 versus 2020 aOR 20.74, 95 % CI 5.26–81.8) and in PLWH with last HIV-RNA >50 cp/mL before enrollment date (versus <50 aOR 4.56, 95 % CI 1.01–20.46). A reduced odds was correlated with >3 vaccine doses (versus <3 or not vaccinated aOR 0.08, 95 % CI 0.02–0.24).
Conclusion
In this cohort, the odds of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition increased over time, probably due to change in lock-down measures and in SARS-CoV-2 circulating variants.Detectable viral load was associated with increased risk of infection, highlighting the importance of HIV-RNA monitoring during pandemics.
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