Junyi Liu , Qinglong Yu , Junjie Cheng, Abubakar Unguwanrimi Yakubu, Xuanhong Ye, Shusheng Xiong
{"title":"含冷却液加热的甲醇发动机在243 K环境温度下冷启动的数值研究","authors":"Junyi Liu , Qinglong Yu , Junjie Cheng, Abubakar Unguwanrimi Yakubu, Xuanhong Ye, Shusheng Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135138","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Misfire during cold starts limits the application of methanol engines. This study proposes a coolant heating method to establish suitable conditions for ignition. Numerical simulations were conducted on a water-cooled, spark-ignition methanol engine to investigate methanol distribution, performance and emissions during cold starts. The results indicate that high-temperature coolant can transfer heat into the cylinder at a high heat flux, providing a methanol-air mixture suitable for flame formation and propagation. Coolant heating enables the methanol engine to start at the ambient temperature of 243 K within the coolant operational temperature range. The main emissions are HC and CO, with minimal emissions of NO<sub>x</sub> and soot. As the coolant temperature increases, the engine exhibits an increased cylinder pressure and a shorter ignition delay due to the increased cylinder temperature and richer mixture. NO<sub>x</sub>, CO, and SOOT emissions increase while HC emission decreases. Considering the high temperature engine coolant required, this heating method is more suitable for hybrid vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"395 ","pages":"Article 135138"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Numerical study of a cold start at the ambient temperature of 243 K on methanol engine with coolant heating\",\"authors\":\"Junyi Liu , Qinglong Yu , Junjie Cheng, Abubakar Unguwanrimi Yakubu, Xuanhong Ye, Shusheng Xiong\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135138\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Misfire during cold starts limits the application of methanol engines. This study proposes a coolant heating method to establish suitable conditions for ignition. Numerical simulations were conducted on a water-cooled, spark-ignition methanol engine to investigate methanol distribution, performance and emissions during cold starts. The results indicate that high-temperature coolant can transfer heat into the cylinder at a high heat flux, providing a methanol-air mixture suitable for flame formation and propagation. Coolant heating enables the methanol engine to start at the ambient temperature of 243 K within the coolant operational temperature range. The main emissions are HC and CO, with minimal emissions of NO<sub>x</sub> and soot. As the coolant temperature increases, the engine exhibits an increased cylinder pressure and a shorter ignition delay due to the increased cylinder temperature and richer mixture. NO<sub>x</sub>, CO, and SOOT emissions increase while HC emission decreases. Considering the high temperature engine coolant required, this heating method is more suitable for hybrid vehicles.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":325,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Fuel\",\"volume\":\"395 \",\"pages\":\"Article 135138\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":7.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Fuel\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236125008634\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENERGY & FUELS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fuel","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236125008634","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerical study of a cold start at the ambient temperature of 243 K on methanol engine with coolant heating
Misfire during cold starts limits the application of methanol engines. This study proposes a coolant heating method to establish suitable conditions for ignition. Numerical simulations were conducted on a water-cooled, spark-ignition methanol engine to investigate methanol distribution, performance and emissions during cold starts. The results indicate that high-temperature coolant can transfer heat into the cylinder at a high heat flux, providing a methanol-air mixture suitable for flame formation and propagation. Coolant heating enables the methanol engine to start at the ambient temperature of 243 K within the coolant operational temperature range. The main emissions are HC and CO, with minimal emissions of NOx and soot. As the coolant temperature increases, the engine exhibits an increased cylinder pressure and a shorter ignition delay due to the increased cylinder temperature and richer mixture. NOx, CO, and SOOT emissions increase while HC emission decreases. Considering the high temperature engine coolant required, this heating method is more suitable for hybrid vehicles.
期刊介绍:
The exploration of energy sources remains a critical matter of study. For the past nine decades, fuel has consistently held the forefront in primary research efforts within the field of energy science. This area of investigation encompasses a wide range of subjects, with a particular emphasis on emerging concerns like environmental factors and pollution.