DNA 代谢编码分析揭示了日本冲绳岛城市地区环境致病性钩端螺旋体的隐性流行情况

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

One Health Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI:10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101016

Yukuto Sato , Yuiko Hiyajo , Taisei Tengan , Tsurua Yoshida , Yoichiro Uchima , Michinari Tokeshi , Kaori Tsurui-Sato , Claudia Toma

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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类活动，如农业、环境操纵和城市发展，已经在全球范围内影响了动植物和微生物（包括潜在的人类病原体）的分布。本研究的重点是钩端螺旋体细菌属，一种在热带和亚热带地区流行的引起钩端螺旋体病的生物体。我们假设，虽然在日本冲绳县（冲绳岛，OKI）本岛城市地区仅报告了少数钩端螺旋体病病例，但这些地区存在钩端螺旋体。方法采用环境DNA （environmental DNA, eDNA）元条形码技术对OKI市区和石垣岛（Ishigaki Island）农村河流34份样本进行分析，确定钩端螺旋体和哺乳动物的分布。采用高通量测序分析，分别对OKI和ISG的16个和18个河流样本（包括ISG钩端螺旋体流行区的水域）的部分钩端螺旋体16S rRNA和脊椎动物线粒体12S rRNA基因的聚合酶链反应产物进行测序。结果在OKI和ISG地区反复检测到对人类和哺乳动物具有致病性的P1+支系两种与野口钩端螺旋体和L.疑问相关的钩端螺旋体，支持我们的假设。5种钩端螺旋体P1和P2分支的序列与OKI牛（Bos taurus）的序列呈显著相关；然而，P1+物种的潜在宿主动物尚不清楚。从ISG样本中获得的钩端螺旋体序列总数与距离山地林地的距离相关。结论除农村地区外，OKI城市地区存在致病性P1+钩端螺旋体。与钩端螺旋体检测相关的因素，即OKI和ISG的牛edna和距离山地森林的距离，表明钩端螺旋体在城市和与人类活动有关的发展中地区的无声流行。本研究的结果为气候变化和可能的洪水破坏方面的城市公共卫生提供了见解。

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DNA metabarcoding analysis revealed a silent prevalence of environmental pathogenic Leptospira in urban area of Okinawa Island, Japan

Objective

Human activities, such as agriculture, environmental manipulation, and city development, have impacted the distribution of flora, fauna, and microbes (including potential human pathogens) at the global level. This study focused on the bacterial genus Leptospira, an organism causing leptospirosis that is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. We hypothesized that although only a few cases of leptospirosis have been reported in the urban region of main island of Okinawa Prefecture (Okinawa Island, OKI), Japan, Leptospira is present in these regions.

Methods

Thirty-four samples were collected from rivers in urban OKI and rural Ishigaki Island (ISG) and analyzed to determine the distribution of Leptospira and mammals using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. High-throughput sequencing analysis was performed to sequence the polymerase chain reaction products of partial leptospiral 16S rRNA and vertebrate mitochondrial 12S rRNA genes from 16 and 18 river samples of OKI and ISG, respectively, including the waters collected from Leptospira-endemic areas in ISG.

Results

Leptospira noguchii and L. interrogans-related, two Leptospira species of the P1+ clade that are pathogenic to humans and mammals, were repeatedly detected in OKI and ISG, supporting our hypothesis. The sequence numbers of the five Leptospira species of P1– and P2 clades showed significant correlations with those of cattle (Bos taurus) in OKI; however, the potential host animals for P1+ species remain unclear. The total number of leptospiral sequences obtained from the ISG samples was correlated with the distance from the mountainous woodlands.

Conclusion

The pathogenic P1+ Leptospira was distributed in urban OKI, in addition to rural ISG. The factors correlated with leptospiral detection, that is, cattle eDNAs and the distance from mountainous forests in OKI and ISG, respectively, suggest the silent prevalence of Leptospira in urban and developing regions related to human activities. The findings of the present study provide insights into public health in cities with respect to climate change and possible flood damage.

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来源期刊

One Health Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

18 weeks

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