Allison C Sylvetsky, Ying Wang, Ananya G Reddy, Caroline Y Um, Rebecca A Hodge, Cari Lichtman, Diane Mitchell, Anuj Nanavati, Michael Pollak, Ye Wang, Alpa V Patel, Marjorie L McCullough
{"title":"在癌症预防研究-3饮食评估子研究中，非营养性甜味剂消费、代谢危险因素和炎症生物标志物","authors":"Allison C Sylvetsky, Ying Wang, Ananya G Reddy, Caroline Y Um, Rebecca A Hodge, Cari Lichtman, Diane Mitchell, Anuj Nanavati, Michael Pollak, Ye Wang, Alpa V Patel, Marjorie L McCullough","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.020","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are widely used to replace added sugars, yet their role in metabolic health and chronic disease prevention is debated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examine associations between NNS consumption, metabolic risk factors, and inflammatory biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis included 624 adults in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-study (DAS). Consumption of NNS including aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, and acesulfame-potassium were estimated using the mean quantities reported in six 24-hour dietary recalls over one year. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in fasting blood samples collected twice, six months apart. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between NNS consumption and the average levels of each metabolic or inflammatory biomarkers. Base models were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, smoking, and physical activity; full models were further adjusted for BMI, diet quality (HEI-2020), and energy intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half (55%) of participants reported consuming NNS (mean daily NNS consumption 7, 38, and 221 mg across tertiles). NNS consumption was positively associated with leptin (p-trend = 0.0006) and CRP (p-trend = 0.02) prior to adjustment for BMI, diet quality, and energy intake. No associations between NNS consumption and insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c, adiponectin, TNF-α, or IL-10 were observed. In analyses stratified by BMI, NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with BMI ≥25kg/m<sup>2</sup>, but not BMI <25kg/m<sup>2</sup>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings in the full sample were predominantly null after adjustment for energy intake and BMI; but NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with overweight or obesity. Investigation of mechanisms through which NNS consumption may impact inflammatory pathways is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Non-nutritive sweetener consumption, metabolic risk factors, and inflammatory biomarkers among adults in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-Study.\",\"authors\":\"Allison C Sylvetsky, Ying Wang, Ananya G Reddy, Caroline Y Um, Rebecca A Hodge, Cari Lichtman, Diane Mitchell, Anuj Nanavati, Michael Pollak, Ye Wang, Alpa V Patel, Marjorie L McCullough\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.020\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are widely used to replace added sugars, yet their role in metabolic health and chronic disease prevention is debated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examine associations between NNS consumption, metabolic risk factors, and inflammatory biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis included 624 adults in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-study (DAS). Consumption of NNS including aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, and acesulfame-potassium were estimated using the mean quantities reported in six 24-hour dietary recalls over one year. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in fasting blood samples collected twice, six months apart. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between NNS consumption and the average levels of each metabolic or inflammatory biomarkers. Base models were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, smoking, and physical activity; full models were further adjusted for BMI, diet quality (HEI-2020), and energy intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half (55%) of participants reported consuming NNS (mean daily NNS consumption 7, 38, and 221 mg across tertiles). NNS consumption was positively associated with leptin (p-trend = 0.0006) and CRP (p-trend = 0.02) prior to adjustment for BMI, diet quality, and energy intake. No associations between NNS consumption and insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c, adiponectin, TNF-α, or IL-10 were observed. In analyses stratified by BMI, NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with BMI ≥25kg/m<sup>2</sup>, but not BMI <25kg/m<sup>2</sup>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings in the full sample were predominantly null after adjustment for energy intake and BMI; but NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with overweight or obesity. Investigation of mechanisms through which NNS consumption may impact inflammatory pathways is warranted.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16620,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.020\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.020","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-nutritive sweetener consumption, metabolic risk factors, and inflammatory biomarkers among adults in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-Study.
Background: Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are widely used to replace added sugars, yet their role in metabolic health and chronic disease prevention is debated.
Objective: Examine associations between NNS consumption, metabolic risk factors, and inflammatory biomarkers.
Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 624 adults in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-study (DAS). Consumption of NNS including aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, and acesulfame-potassium were estimated using the mean quantities reported in six 24-hour dietary recalls over one year. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in fasting blood samples collected twice, six months apart. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between NNS consumption and the average levels of each metabolic or inflammatory biomarkers. Base models were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, smoking, and physical activity; full models were further adjusted for BMI, diet quality (HEI-2020), and energy intake.
Results: Over half (55%) of participants reported consuming NNS (mean daily NNS consumption 7, 38, and 221 mg across tertiles). NNS consumption was positively associated with leptin (p-trend = 0.0006) and CRP (p-trend = 0.02) prior to adjustment for BMI, diet quality, and energy intake. No associations between NNS consumption and insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c, adiponectin, TNF-α, or IL-10 were observed. In analyses stratified by BMI, NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with BMI ≥25kg/m2, but not BMI <25kg/m2.
Conclusions: Findings in the full sample were predominantly null after adjustment for energy intake and BMI; but NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with overweight or obesity. Investigation of mechanisms through which NNS consumption may impact inflammatory pathways is warranted.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.
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