日本儿童近视和高度近视的年度趋势:一项全国索赔数据库研究

IF 3.2 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Takuro Kamei MD , Masahiro Miyake MD, PhD , Ai Kido MD, PhD , Saori Wada MD , Shusuke Hiragi MD, PhD , Masayuki Hata MD, PhD , Masahiro Akada MD , Koji Niimi MD , Ken Ogino MD, PhD , Akio Oishi MD, PhD , Akihiro Nishida MD, PhD , Hiroshi Tamura MD, PhD , Akitaka Tsujikawa MD, PhD
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的了解儿童近视和高度近视的发病率及年变化趋势。DesignA全国范围内,全面的索赔数据库研究。在1500万14岁以下的儿童中,包括享有全民健康保险的儿童。对来自11个不同医疗机构的14 654名年龄≤14岁的人进行了基于声称的近视和高度近视定义的验证研究。方法本研究包括国家索赔数据库分析和多中心验证研究。评估了来自日本国家健康保险索赔和特定健康检查数据库的数据,该数据库包含全国健康保险索赔数据。对所有年龄≤14岁的个体进行评估,并确定2011年1月至2020年12月期间已有和新发近视或高度近视的儿童。通过审查电子病历进行了验证研究。主要观察指标:截至2020年10月1日的近视患病率,以及2014 - 2020年每年的近视病例数。结果根据2020年人口普查,14岁以下儿童14 955 692人。其中,2020年10月1日近视患者为5 498 764例,患病率为36.8%。8岁近视发生率最高,从2015年的853.3例/人年增加到2020年的910.7例/人年。高度近视患病率随年龄增长而增加,10 ~ 14岁儿童高度近视患病率最高,为0.46%;在5- 9岁和10- 14岁的儿童中,每年的事件数量都在增加。在2019冠状病毒病大流行发生的2020年,8至11岁儿童的近视发病率呈不连续增长,而不是12至14岁儿童。基于权利要求的近视定义的总体敏感性和特异性分别为88.5%和79.2%,而高度近视的相应值分别为41.6%和99.8%。结论本研究首次在全国范围内全面揭示了近视和高度近视的患病率和年发病率趋势。这些发现补充了先前高质量队列研究的结果,提供了对近视趋势更全面的了解。财务披露专有或商业披露可在本文末尾的脚注和披露中找到。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Annual Trend of Myopia and High Myopia in Children in Japan: A Nationwide Claims Database Study

Purpose

To determine the prevalence and annual trend of the number of incident cases of myopia and high myopia in children.

Design

A nationwide, comprehensive claims database study.

Participants

Of 15 million children aged ≤14 years, those covered by the universal health insurance were included. The validation study of the claims-based definitions of myopia and high myopia was conducted using 14 654 individuals aged ≤14 years recruited from 11 diverse medical facilities.

Methods

This study comprises a national claims database analysis and a multicenter validation study. Data from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan, which contains the nationwide health insurance claims data, were assessed. All individuals aged ≤14 years were reviewed, and children with existing and new onset of myopia or high myopia between January 2011 and December 2020 were identified. A validation study was conducted by reviewing electric medical records.

Main Outcome Measures

Prevalence of myopia as of October 1, 2020, and the annual number of incident cases during 2014 to 2020.

Results

According to the 2020 population census, there were 14 955 692 children aged ≤14 years. Among them, 5 498 764 patients had myopia on October 1, 2020, corresponding to a prevalence of 36.8%. The number of incident cases of myopia was highest at 8 years of age, increasing from 853.3 cases/person-year in 2015 to 910.7 cases/person-year in 2020. The prevalence of high myopia increased with age, peaking at 0.46% among children aged 10 to 14 years; the number of incident cases annually increased in 5- to 9-year-olds and 10- to 14-year-olds. In the year 2020, when the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic occurred, a discontinuous increase in the number of incident cases of myopia was observed in children aged 8 to 11 years, not 12 to 14 years. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the claims-based definition for myopia were 88.5% and 79.2%, respectively, whereas the corresponding values for high myopia were 41.6% and 99.8%.

Conclusions

This first comprehensive nationwide study revealed the prevalence and annual incidence trends of myopia and high myopia. These findings complement the results of previous high-quality cohort studies, offering a more comprehensive understanding of myopia trends.

Financial Disclosure(s)

Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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来源期刊
Ophthalmology science
Ophthalmology science Ophthalmology
CiteScore
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