Integrating LARG measures to improve supply chain transparency performance

In today's markets, customers demand accurate product information, while supply chain stakeholders seek transparency throughout organizational processes and supply chain operations. Supply chain transparency has emerged as a key element for achieving business excellence. However, measuring its level with current performance measures remains challenging. This research incorporates the Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green (LARG) approach into performance measures to achieve supply chain transparency. The study aims to identify LARG-based performance measures to enhance supply chain transparency through a literature review and Q-sorting technique. We administered a questionnaire survey to 31 experts. The key findings highlight total supply chain visibility, information readiness, service reliability, business continuity plan readiness, and efficiency as essential measures for enhancing transparency. We also identified specific measures for each element of supply chain transparency, including visibility, traceability, knowledge integration, governance, and sustainability. Accordingly, we present detailed guidelines for improving supply chain transparency performance. Lastly, the article discusses theoretical and managerial implications and makes recommendations for future research.