A community capitals perspective of multi-level retrospective and prospective resilience in hospitality firms

Different forms of capital can facilitate preparedness, response, and recovery from adversity. However, existing hospitality studies often focus on specific forms, lacking a comprehensive multi-level assessment. This study uses the community capital framework (CCF) to explore how various forms of capital are utilized in organizational resilience building through a retrospective and prospective lens. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 owners/managers of hospitality firms in Bangladesh through purposive sampling. Social capital is the most common for retrospective resilience across all levels but less utilized for prospective resilience. Cultural capital at the macro-level and physical capital at the meso-level support retrospective resilience. Additionally, this study identifies reputational capital at the meso-level as a new form, enhancing retrospective resilience. These findings contribute to achieving SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), offering insights into multi-level resilience strategies in the hospitality sector.