Surgical treatment for acute pancreatitis and pancreatic necrosis.

Pancreatitis, considered by clinicians as one of the most demanding abdominal disorders, is a life-threatening disease resulting in numerous complications if treated without early diagnosis or specialized medical care. Management is based on supportive care, including rehydration, pain control, continuous monitoring of vital signs and assessment of organ function, and on early oral feeding. However, there are cases such as acute gallstone pancreatitis, necrotising pancreatitis or acute fulminant (hemorrhagic) pancreatitis that require operative or surgical intervention. As the recent years have brought more experience in the treatment of different types and subtypes of pancreatitis, the guidelines concerning the most effective therapeutic methods, including invasive treatment, are now changing. The aim of the research is to present surgical treatment of acute pancreatitis (AP) in the light of changing patterns of management.