海绵绒母细胞腔的结构很好地适应了机械泵送功能

IF 9.1 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Takumi Ogawa, Shuji Koyama, Toshihiro Omori, Kenji Kikuchi, Hélène de Maleprade, Raymond E. Goldstein, Takuji Ishikawa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

海绵是动物王国中最基本的成员,它表现出一系列复杂的结构,其中微流控通道连接着许多排列着绒毛细胞(鞭毛滤食性细胞)的球形腔室。Choanocyte腔室可以拥有数十甚至数百个这样的细胞,它们驱动复杂的流体通过多孔壁进入海绵通道。纤毛细胞室的奥秘之一是它的球形,因为它似乎不适合诱导定向运输,因为许多纤毛鞭毛与这种流动相反。在这里,我们将活体海绵中绒毛细胞腔室的直接成像与多鞭毛模型的计算研究相结合,以了解腔室结构与定向流动之间的联系。我们发现,鞭毛逆流而上对提高卵母细胞腔内压力起着关键作用,在较小的出口开角下,流速和机械泵效率达到最大。实验观察结果与数值模拟结果的对比表明,淡水海绵叶藻(Ephydatia muelleri)以及其他几种海绵的腔室直径、鞭毛波数和出口开口角之间的相关关系使机械泵送功能最大化。这些结果表明,在海绵细胞腔的形态发生过程中,微妙的平衡在起作用,并为海绵的生理和身体设计提供了见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The architecture of sponge choanocyte chambers is well adapted to mechanical pumping functions
Sponges, the basalmost members of the animal kingdom, exhibit a range of complex architectures in which microfluidic channels connect multitudes of spherical chambers lined with choanocytes, flagellated filter-feeding cells. Choanocyte chambers can possess scores or even hundreds of such cells, which drive complex flows entering through porous walls and exiting into the sponge channels. One of the mysteries of the choanocyte chamber is its spherical shape, as it seems inappropriate for inducing directional transport since many choanocyte flagella beat in opposition to such a flow. Here, we combine direct imaging of choanocyte chambers in living sponges with computational studies of many-flagella models to understand the connection between chamber architecture and directional flow. We find that those flagella that beat against the flow play a key role in raising the pressure inside the choanocyte chamber, with the result that the flow rate and mechanical pumping efficiency reach a maximum at a small outlet opening angle. Comparison between experimental observations and the results of numerical simulations reveal that the chamber diameter, flagellar wave number, and the outlet opening angle of the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri , as well as several other species, are related in a manner that maximizes the mechanical pumping functions. These results indicate the subtle balances at play during morphogenesis of choanocyte chambers, and give insights into the physiology and body design of sponges.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.00
自引率
0.90%
发文量
3575
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer-reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), serves as an authoritative source for high-impact, original research across the biological, physical, and social sciences. With a global scope, the journal welcomes submissions from researchers worldwide, making it an inclusive platform for advancing scientific knowledge.
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