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IF 2.1 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1007/s11043-025-09772-1

Alessia Ferrara, Falk K. Wittel

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引用次数: 0

摘要

木材的流变行为来自于复杂的机械相互作用，发生在多个长度尺度上。这种行为的特点是方向依赖性，以及对含水率、加载时间和加载程度的敏感性。研究了挪威云杉（Picea abies）组织在不同水分水平和加载程度下的粘弹性蠕变响应。使用定制设计的全自动湿气控制测试架，我们研究了所有可行解剖方向上的单轴、水分依赖的蠕变遵从性，以及孤立的早木（EW）和晚木（LW）薄片，以了解它们对生长环累积行为的贡献。将蠕变响应与弹性柔度的水分依赖性进行了比较，揭示了作为含水量函数的非平凡结垢行为。结果显示了显著的方向依赖性，并揭示了水分对变形机制的关键影响。横向涉及弯曲之间的复杂相互作用，决定了更柔顺和对水分敏感的蠕变响应，与颗粒加载相比，细胞壁在最柔软的方向拉伸。这些发现为木片的水分依赖蠕变机制提供了有价值的见解，强调了在不同含水量下探索不同方向和组织的重要性，以充分了解块尺度下的蠕变行为。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Tensile creep of Norway spruce on the tissue scale

The rheological behavior of wood emerges from complex mechanical interactions occurring across multiple length scales. This behavior is characterized by directional dependence, as well as sensitivity to moisture content, loading time, and the degree of loading. This study focuses on the viscoelastic creep response of Norway spruce (Picea abies) tissues under different moisture levels and loading degrees. Using a custom-designed, fully automated test rack with moisture control, we investigate the uniaxial, moisture-dependent creep compliances across all feasible anatomical directions, as well as of isolated earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) slices to understand their contribution to the cumulative behavior of the growth ring. The creep response is compared to the moisture dependence of the elastic compliance, revealing nontrivial scaling behavior as a function of moisture content. The results show significant directional dependencies and reveal the critical impact of moisture on deformation mechanisms. The transverse directions involve a complex interaction between bending, determining a more compliant and moisture-sensitive creep response, and cell wall stretching in the softest direction compared to loading in grain. These findings offer valuable insights into the moisture-dependent creep mechanisms of wood slices, highlighting the importance of exploring different orientations and tissues at various moisture content to fully understand the creep behavior at the bulk scale.

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来源期刊

Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials 工程技术-材料科学：表征与测试

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials accepts contributions dealing with the time-dependent mechanical properties of solid polymers, metals, ceramics, concrete, wood, or their composites. It is recognized that certain materials can be in the melt state as function of temperature and/or pressure. Contributions concerned with fundamental issues relating to processing and melt-to-solid transition behaviour are welcome, as are contributions addressing time-dependent failure and fracture phenomena. Manuscripts addressing environmental issues will be considered if they relate to time-dependent mechanical properties. The journal promotes the transfer of knowledge between various disciplines that deal with the properties of time-dependent solid materials but approach these from different angles. Among these disciplines are: Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Rheology, Materials Science, Polymer Physics, Design, and others.