组装体在细胞应激反应中的作用。

IF 6.4 2区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Bence György Gombás, Orsolya Németh-Szatmári, Bence Nagy-Mikó, Zoltán Villányi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

装配体是最近发现的细胞内rna -蛋白复合物,在细胞应激反应、基因表达调控以及共翻译蛋白组装中发挥重要作用。本文对组装体的发现、作用机制、特点及其在多个领域的潜在应用等方面进行了综述。装配体是明显的液-液相分离凝析物;它们具有与其他细胞颗粒不同的某些独特性质。它们由核糖体-新生蛋白链复合物组成,对环己亚胺和EDTA具有抗性。细胞内凝聚体(如组装体)的发现和观察进一步扩展了我们对细胞应激反应机制的认识,特别是在DNA修复过程和防御蛋白质毒性方面。核糖体分析实验和从edta抗性颗粒(超离心细胞裂解物)中提取的下一代cDNA文库测序,揭示了组装体的组成和动力学,揭示了它们作为预制应激反应核糖体-新生链复合物的储存库的作用。本文从多个方面探讨了组装体的潜在临床应用,包括它们作为化疗耐药诊断生物标志物的用途及其在癌症治疗中的意义。此外,在这篇综述中,我们提出了一些与这些无膜细胞器相关的工业和农业应用的理论构想。然而,我们也看到了一些挑战。一方面,我们需要了解组装体的多种功能和规则的复杂性;另一方面,有必要弥合基础研究和实际应用之间的差距。总体而言,组装体研究可以被视为改善生物医学环境以及与农业和工业方面有关的环境的有希望的后来者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Role of Assemblysomes in Cellular Stress Responses.

Assemblysomes are recently discovered intracellular RNA-protein complexes that play important roles in cellular stress response, regulation of gene expression, and also in co-translational protein assembly. In this review, a wide spectrum overview of assemblysomes is provided, including their discovery, mechanism of action, characteristics, and potential applications in several fields. Assemblysomes are distinct liquid-liquid phase-separated condensates; they have certain unique properties differentiating them from other cellular granules. They are composed of ribosome-nascent protein chain complexes and are resistant to cycloheximide and EDTA. The discovery and observation of intracellular condensates, like assemblysomes, have further expanded our knowledge of cellular stress response mechanisms, particularly in DNA repair processes and defense against proteotoxicity. Ribosome profiling experiments and next-generation sequencing of cDNA libraries extracted from EDTA-resistant pellets-of ultracentrifuged cell lysates-have shed light on the composition and dynamics of assemblysomes, revealing their role as repositories for pre-made stress-responsive ribosome-nascent chain complexes. This review gives an exploration of assemblysomes' potential clinical applications from multiple aspects, including their usefulness as diagnostic biomarkers for chemotherapy resistance and their implications in cancer therapy. In addition, in this overview, we raise some theoretical ideas of industrial and agricultural applications connected to these membraneless organelles. However, we see several challenges. On one hand, we need to understand the complexity of assemblysomes' multiple functions and regulations; on the other hand, it is essential to bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical applications. Overall, assemblysome research can be perceived as a promising upcomer in the improvement of biomedical settings as well as those connected to agricultural and industrial aspects.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.80
自引率
4.10%
发文量
67
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: WIREs RNA aims to provide comprehensive, up-to-date, and coherent coverage of this interesting and growing field, providing a framework for both RNA experts and interdisciplinary researchers to not only gain perspective in areas of RNA biology, but to generate new insights and applications as well. Major topics to be covered are: RNA Structure and Dynamics; RNA Evolution and Genomics; RNA-Based Catalysis; RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules; Translation; RNA Processing; RNA Export/Localization; RNA Turnover and Surveillance; Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches; RNA in Disease and Development; and RNA Methods.
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