Jie Cai, Zi-Kang Xie, Dong-Yong Tang, Hui-Yi Zuo, Hao Liang
{"title":"hiv相关性巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎感染途径的研究。","authors":"Jie Cai, Zi-Kang Xie, Dong-Yong Tang, Hui-Yi Zuo, Hao Liang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.03.15","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the etiology of ocular pathogens and to establish the various pathogens present in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 17 HIV-infected patients with concomitant eye disorders were enrolled. Patients were divided into CMVR group (10 patients, 18 eyes) and non-CMVR group (7 patients, 9 eyes) based on clinical manifestations and the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-DNA in ocular specimens. The viral load of CMV was assessed using polymerase chain reaction in aqueous humor, vitreous fluid, and peripheral blood samples of patients in the CMVR group. Additionally, peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell counts were measured in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the CMVR group, the CMV-DNA load in the vitreous and aqueous humor samples was substantially higher than in the peripheral blood samples (<i>P</i><0.01). CMV-DNA load in the aqueous humor and vitreous samples of the two eyes in the CMVR group was determined to be statistically significant (10 patients, 16 eyes, <i>P</i>=0.018, 0.012). Peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell counts in the CMVR group were adversely linked with the CMV-DNA load in both the aqueous humor and peripheral blood (<i>P</i>=0.005, 0.048). Compared with the non-CMVR group, the peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell count in the CMVR group decreased significantly (<i>P</i>=0.014). The peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell count exceeded 300 cells/µL in 85.71% of non-CMVR patients, whereas it was below 100 cells/µL in 90.00% of the CMVR group. The intraocular specimens of the patients who underwent CMVR testing did not include any additional infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In HIV-associated CMVR patients, there may exist alternative, yet unidentified, infection pathways for intraocular CMV in addition to the conventional route. The substantial difference in CMV-DNA load between the eyes of most CMVR patients suggests that CMV may originate from different sources in each eye. The proportion of peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in HIV patients is negatively correlated with the quantity of CMV viruses in their eyes. The peripheral blood count of <100 cells/µL indicates a considerable increase in the risk of concurrent CMVR. Multi-ocular pathogen presentations are uncommon in HIV individuals with CMVR.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"478-486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865647/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Investigation of the infection route of HIV-associated cytomegalovirus retinitis.\",\"authors\":\"Jie Cai, Zi-Kang Xie, Dong-Yong Tang, Hui-Yi Zuo, Hao Liang\",\"doi\":\"10.18240/ijo.2025.03.15\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the etiology of ocular pathogens and to establish the various pathogens present in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 17 HIV-infected patients with concomitant eye disorders were enrolled. Patients were divided into CMVR group (10 patients, 18 eyes) and non-CMVR group (7 patients, 9 eyes) based on clinical manifestations and the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-DNA in ocular specimens. The viral load of CMV was assessed using polymerase chain reaction in aqueous humor, vitreous fluid, and peripheral blood samples of patients in the CMVR group. Additionally, peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell counts were measured in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the CMVR group, the CMV-DNA load in the vitreous and aqueous humor samples was substantially higher than in the peripheral blood samples (<i>P</i><0.01). CMV-DNA load in the aqueous humor and vitreous samples of the two eyes in the CMVR group was determined to be statistically significant (10 patients, 16 eyes, <i>P</i>=0.018, 0.012). Peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell counts in the CMVR group were adversely linked with the CMV-DNA load in both the aqueous humor and peripheral blood (<i>P</i>=0.005, 0.048). Compared with the non-CMVR group, the peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell count in the CMVR group decreased significantly (<i>P</i>=0.014). The peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell count exceeded 300 cells/µL in 85.71% of non-CMVR patients, whereas it was below 100 cells/µL in 90.00% of the CMVR group. The intraocular specimens of the patients who underwent CMVR testing did not include any additional infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In HIV-associated CMVR patients, there may exist alternative, yet unidentified, infection pathways for intraocular CMV in addition to the conventional route. The substantial difference in CMV-DNA load between the eyes of most CMVR patients suggests that CMV may originate from different sources in each eye. The proportion of peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in HIV patients is negatively correlated with the quantity of CMV viruses in their eyes. The peripheral blood count of <100 cells/µL indicates a considerable increase in the risk of concurrent CMVR. Multi-ocular pathogen presentations are uncommon in HIV individuals with CMVR.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14312,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International journal of ophthalmology\",\"volume\":\"18 3\",\"pages\":\"478-486\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865647/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International journal of ophthalmology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.03.15\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"OPHTHALMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International journal of ophthalmology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.03.15","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPHTHALMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Investigation of the infection route of HIV-associated cytomegalovirus retinitis.
Aim: To investigate the etiology of ocular pathogens and to establish the various pathogens present in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR).
Methods: A total of 17 HIV-infected patients with concomitant eye disorders were enrolled. Patients were divided into CMVR group (10 patients, 18 eyes) and non-CMVR group (7 patients, 9 eyes) based on clinical manifestations and the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-DNA in ocular specimens. The viral load of CMV was assessed using polymerase chain reaction in aqueous humor, vitreous fluid, and peripheral blood samples of patients in the CMVR group. Additionally, peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts were measured in both groups.
Results: In the CMVR group, the CMV-DNA load in the vitreous and aqueous humor samples was substantially higher than in the peripheral blood samples (P<0.01). CMV-DNA load in the aqueous humor and vitreous samples of the two eyes in the CMVR group was determined to be statistically significant (10 patients, 16 eyes, P=0.018, 0.012). Peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts in the CMVR group were adversely linked with the CMV-DNA load in both the aqueous humor and peripheral blood (P=0.005, 0.048). Compared with the non-CMVR group, the peripheral blood CD4+ T cell count in the CMVR group decreased significantly (P=0.014). The peripheral blood CD4+ T cell count exceeded 300 cells/µL in 85.71% of non-CMVR patients, whereas it was below 100 cells/µL in 90.00% of the CMVR group. The intraocular specimens of the patients who underwent CMVR testing did not include any additional infections.
Conclusion: In HIV-associated CMVR patients, there may exist alternative, yet unidentified, infection pathways for intraocular CMV in addition to the conventional route. The substantial difference in CMV-DNA load between the eyes of most CMVR patients suggests that CMV may originate from different sources in each eye. The proportion of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in HIV patients is negatively correlated with the quantity of CMV viruses in their eyes. The peripheral blood count of <100 cells/µL indicates a considerable increase in the risk of concurrent CMVR. Multi-ocular pathogen presentations are uncommon in HIV individuals with CMVR.
期刊介绍：
· International Journal of Ophthalmology-IJO (English edition) is a global ophthalmological scientific publication
and a peer-reviewed open access periodical (ISSN 2222-3959 print, ISSN 2227-4898 online).
This journal is sponsored by Chinese Medical Association Xi’an Branch and obtains guidance and support from
WHO and ICO (International Council of Ophthalmology). It has been indexed in SCIE, PubMed,
PubMed-Central, Chemical Abstracts, Scopus, EMBASE , and DOAJ. IJO JCR IF in 2017 is 1.166.
IJO was established in 2008, with editorial office in Xi’an, China. It is a monthly publication. General Scientific
Advisors include Prof. Hugh Taylor (President of ICO); Prof.Bruce Spivey (Immediate Past President of ICO);
Prof.Mark Tso (Ex-Vice President of ICO) and Prof.Daiming Fan (Academician and Vice President,
Chinese Academy of Engineering.
International Scientific Advisors include Prof. Serge Resnikoff (WHO Senior Speciatist for Prevention of
blindness), Prof. Chi-Chao Chan (National Eye Institute, USA) and Prof. Richard L Abbott (Ex-President of
AAO/PAAO) et al.
Honorary Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Li-Xin Xie(Academician of Chinese Academy of
Engineering/Honorary President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society); Prof. Dennis Lam (President of APAO) and
Prof. Xiao-Xin Li (Ex-President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society).
Chief Editor: Prof. Xiu-Wen Hu (President of IJO Press).
Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Yan-Nian Hui (Ex-Director, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA) and
Prof. George Chiou (Founding chief editor of Journal of Ocular Pharmacology & Therapeutics).
Associate Editors-in-Chief include:
Prof. Ning-Li Wang (President Elect of APAO);
Prof. Ke Yao (President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society) ;
Prof.William Smiddy (Bascom Palmer Eye instituteUSA) ;
Prof.Joel Schuman (President of Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology,USA);
Prof.Yizhi Liu (Vice President of Chinese Ophtlalmology Society);
Prof.Yu-Sheng Wang (Director of Eye Institute of Chinese PLA);
Prof.Ling-Yun Cheng (Director of Ocular Pharmacology, Shiley Eye Center, USA).
IJO accepts contributions in English from all over the world. It includes mainly original articles and review articles,
both basic and clinical papers.
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