血液透析患者的营养摄入和饮食质量：有待改善的范围。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Journal of Renal Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1053/j.jrn.2025.03.004

Manon de Geus MSc , Wesley Visser PhD , Anneke van Egmond-de Mik BSc , Manouk Dam PhD , Evelien de Cuyper BSc , Marian de van der Schueren (Prof.) , Michael Tieland PhD , Peter Weijs (Prof.) , Hinke Kruizenga PhD , Karin Ipema PhD

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：血液透析（HD）患者在维持饮食依从性方面面临挑战。这项研究的目的是比较饮食摄入量和疾病特异性指南。其次，评估整体饮食质量，探讨膳食钾摄入量与血清钾浓度之间的关系。方法：在本横断面多中心研究中，采用食物频率问卷（FFQs）评估荷兰成年HD患者的营养摄入，并采用荷兰健康饮食15指数（DHD15-index）评估饮食质量。将摄入量和饮食质量与疾病特定饮食建议或荷兰饮食指南进行比较。摄入不足的定义为110%。血清钾浓度与饲粮钾摄入量之间的关系采用线性回归分析。结果：研究人群包括来自21个透析中心的248名参与者（60%为男性）。45%的参与者能量摄入（1789[872]千卡/天）不足，50%的参与者蛋白质摄入（1[0.5]克/公斤/天）不足。尽管67%的参与者设法将他们的能量摄入控制在推荐水平的110%以下，但在该队列中观察到超重的高患病率（61%）。87%的参与者饱和脂肪摄入量过高，而只有15%的参与者达到了建议的纤维摄入量。总体饮食质量较低（74桶，最高得分为150）。校正相关混杂因素后，血清钾和膳食钾摄入量之间无相关性（r= 0.163， P= 0.261）。结论：相当比例的荷兰HD患者无法满足特定疾病的饮食指南。饮食质量很差。

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Nutritional Intake and Diet Quality in Hemodialysis Patients: Scope for Improvement

Objective

Hemodialysis (HD) patients face challenges in upholding dietary compliance. This study aimed to compare dietary intake against disease-specific guidelines. Secondary, to assess the overall diet quality and to explore the association between dietary potassium intake and serum potassium concentrations.

Methods

In this cross-sectional multicenter study, nutrient intake of Dutch adult HD patients was assessed using food frequency questionnaires and diet quality with the Dutch Healthy Diet 15-index. Intake and diet quality were compared to disease-specific dietary recommendations or Dutch Dietary Guidelines. Insufficient intake was defined as <90% of the requirement, sufficient as 90-100%, and excessive as >110%. The association between serum potassium concentration and dietary potassium intake was modeled with linear regression analysis.

Results

The study population consisted of 248 participants (60% male) from 21 dialysis centers. Energy intake (1789 [872] kcal/day) was insufficient for 45% of the participants, while protein intake (1 [0.5] g/kg/d) was insufficient for 50%. Despite 67% of participants managing to align their energy intake below 110% of the recommended level, a high prevalence of overweight (61%) was observed in this cohort. Saturated fat intake was excessive for 87% of participants, while only 15% met the recommended fiber intake. Overall diet quality was low (74 [20] maximum score of 150). No association was observed between serum potassium and dietary potassium intake after adjusting for relevant confounders (r = 0.163, P = .261).

Conclusions

A considerable proportion of Dutch HD patients were unable to meet disease-specific dietary guidelines. Diet quality was shown to be poor.

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来源期刊

Journal of Renal Nutrition 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

146

审稿时长

6.7 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Renal Nutrition is devoted exclusively to renal nutrition science and renal dietetics. Its content is appropriate for nutritionists, physicians and researchers working in nephrology. Each issue contains a state-of-the-art review, original research, articles on the clinical management and education of patients, a current literature review, and nutritional analysis of food products that have clinical relevance.