Pedestrian vitality characteristics in pedestrianized commercial streets-considering temporal, spatial, and built environment factors

Trajectory data is commonly used in environmental behavior studies to explore the relation between the built environment of commercial streets and urban vitality. However, there is a lack of in-depth research on the combined effects of pedestrian mobility characteristics, which are crucial for the design and management of pedestrianized commercial streets, and built environment factors. By analyzing trajectory data from two similarly designed pedestrian commercial streets—Beijing's Sanlitun Taikoo Li South and Chengdu's Taikoo Li, the XGBoost model is utilized to conduct a quantitative analysis of the combined impact of built environment factors. The results indicate that, in terms of time, pedestrianized commercial streets exhibit the highest vitality on non-working day evenings. Spatially, the main streets show higher vitality than secondary streets. The contribution of each factor to the results is quantified using the average Shapley values, with the most influential environmental factors being the intensity of anchor stores (4.44%), the number of seating areas (3.08%), and the green view index (2.09%). The combination of anchor store intensity and green view index has the most pronounced cross-temporal and cross-regional effect, while the interaction of anchor store intensity, green view index, and street width collectively enhances street vitality.