COVID-19大流行后和常规免疫前因呼吸道合胞病毒住院的最新趋势：意大利托斯卡纳2023/2024季节的季节性和严重程度更新

IF 4.8 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107879

Vieri Lastrucci , Martina Pacifici , Monia Puglia , Giorgia Alderotti , Elettra Berti , Guglielmo Bonaccorsi , Maria Moriondo , Massimo Resti , Diego Peroni , Marco Martini , Francesco Nieddu , Marina Vignoli , Chiara Azzari , Rosa Gini , Marco Del Riccio , Fabio Voller

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：RSV流行病学因COVID-19大流行而中断。本研究调查了意大利托斯卡纳2023/2024年RSV季节，以评估与大流行前和大流行后季节相比，RSV相关住院的季节性和发病率的趋势。方法：我们分析了2023/2024年托斯卡纳地区rsv相关的住院情况，就在实施nirsevimab常规免疫之前，一个由所有≤2岁的住院儿童组成的动态队列，使用区域登记处。采用60%平均检测阈值法评估季节性，并使用发病率比（IRRs）和风险比分别比较大流行前季节（2017/2018年和2018/2019年）重症住院（重症监护病房、持续气道正压通气或机械通气）的住院发生率和风险。结果：64,963例2岁以下儿童中，有724例因呼吸道合胞病毒住院。疫情始于2023年第42周，在第52周达到高峰，并于2024年第12周结束（共18周）。发病率仍显著高于大流行前的水平（IRR 3.0, 95% CI 2.7-3.4），而严重程度风险与大流行前的季节相当。结论：2023/2024年的季节性与大流行前的模式更接近，但发病率仍然很高，可能是由于人群层面的免疫债务。监测RSV流行病学是至关重要的，因为采用了新的预防措施，如nirseimab和疫苗。

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Recent trends in hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus after the COVID-19 pandemic and before routine immunization: Seasonality and severity updates from the 2023/2024 season in Tuscany, Italy

Objectives

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemiology was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigates the 2023/2024 RSV season in Tuscany, Italy, to assess trends in seasonality and incidence of RSV-associated hospitalizations compared with pre-pandemic and prior post-pandemic seasons.

Methods

We analyzed RSV-associated hospitalizations in Tuscany during the 2023/2024 season, just before the implementation of routine immunization with nirsevimab, with a dynamic cohort consisting of all resident children aged ≤2 years, using regional registries. Seasonality was assessed using the 60% mean detection threshold method, and incidence rate ratios and risk ratios were used to compare hospitalization incidence and risk of severe hospitalization (intensive care unit, continuous positive airway pressure, or mechanical ventilation) with pre-pandemic seasons, 2017/2018 and 2018/2019, respectively.

Results

Among 64,963 children aged <2 years, 724 were hospitalized for RSV. The epidemic began in week 42 of 2023, peaked in week 52, and ended in week 12 of 2024 (18 weeks total). Incidence remained significantly higher than pre-pandemic levels (incidence rate ratio 3.0, 95% confidence interval 2.7-3.4), whereas severity risk was comparable to pre-pandemic seasons.

Conclusions

Seasonality in 2023/2024 aligned more closely with pre-pandemic patterns, but incidence remained elevated, likely due to immunity debt at the population level. Monitoring RSV epidemiology is essential as new preventive measures, such as nirsevimab and vaccines, are introduced.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

18.90

自引率

2.40%

发文量

1020

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： International Journal of Infectious Diseases (IJID) Publisher: International Society for Infectious Diseases Publication Frequency: Monthly Type: Peer-reviewed, Open Access Scope: Publishes original clinical and laboratory-based research. Reports clinical trials, reviews, and some case reports. Focuses on epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and control of infectious diseases. Emphasizes diseases common in under-resourced countries.