两个寒冷荒漠灌丛地不同的干旱响应

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Ecosphere Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.70211
Kerry M. Byrne, Justin C. Luong, Kristen M. Kaczynski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

预计未来极端干旱的频率和强度将增加,但目前的研究表明,生态系统对极端事件的敏感性将有所不同。尽管在生态系统中进行了数百项观测和实验干旱研究,但解释对干旱不一致反应的潜在机制仍然知之甚少。干旱程度或持续时间的差异、土地利用历史、现有植物群落或独特的场地条件都可能影响一个场地的干旱反应。由于与生态系统对干旱的敏感性有关的未解决的问题,需要进一步的研究来改进我们对整个生态系统干旱响应的预测。在这里,我们通过在美国俄勒冈州东部两个相邻(相距约60 m)的植物群落(Artemisia arbuscula和Artemisia cana)中进行降雨操纵研究,最小化干旱强度、气候变化和土地利用历史的差异。我们使用降雨掩蔽所在每个站点创建百年一见的干旱,以了解慢性(4年)干旱将如何影响常见的,但研究不足的山艾草草原植物群落。我们发现,这两个地点的地上和地下净初级产量对四年干旱具有显著的抵抗力。有趣的是,随着时间的推移,在更高产的干旱地块,凋落物增加,我们假设水力提升和凋落物相互作用增加了干旱条件下该地点浅层土壤含水量。土壤特征较恶劣和土壤榴莲的样地的植物群落组成变化较少,这可能是由于在土壤特征较恶劣的样地存在专门的植物物种。在我们的4个采样年期间,非本地植物覆盖增加(主要来自于Ventenata dubia),本地植物覆盖和密度下降。这表明可能需要管理来保护本地牧草多样性和限制物种入侵,特别是在气候和历史火灾制度发生变化的情况下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Divergent drought responses in two cold desert shrublands

Divergent drought responses in two cold desert shrublands

The frequency and intensity of extreme droughts are projected to increase in the future, yet current research indicates that ecosystem sensitivity to extremes will vary. Despite hundreds of observational and experimental drought studies across ecosystems, the underlying mechanism explaining the inconsistent responses to drought remains poorly understood. Differences in the magnitude or duration of drought, land use history, existing plant communities, or unique site conditions might all influence the drought response of a site. Due to unresolved questions related to ecosystem sensitivity to drought, additional studies are needed to improve our predictions about the drought responses across ecosystems. Here, we minimized differences in drought intensity, climatic variation, and land use history by conducting a rainfall manipulation study in two adjacent (~60 m apart) plant communities with distinct dominant species (Artemisia arbuscula and Artemisia cana) in eastern Oregon, USA. We used rainfall shelters to create a 1-in-100-year drought at each site to understand how chronic (4-year) drought will impact common, but understudied sagebrush steppe plant communities. We found that above- and belowground net primary production at both sites was remarkably resistant to four years of drought. Interestingly, litter increased over time in drought plots at the more productive site, and we hypothesize that hydraulic lift and litter interacted to increase shallow soil water content under drought at that site. The site with harsher edaphic features and a soil duripan experienced fewer changes in plant community composition than the more productive site, potentially due to the presence of specialized plant species at the harsher site. Non-native plant cover increased (primarily from Ventenata dubia) and native forb cover and density decreased across our four sampling years. This suggests that management may be needed to conserve native forb diversity and limit species invasion, especially as the climate and historic fire regimes change.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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