Dynamic information utilization for securing Ethereum smart contracts: A literature review

Smart contracts, self-executing programs that govern digital assets on blockchain platforms, have gained widespread adoption due to their automation and transparency. However, vulnerabilities in smart contracts can lead to financial losses and reputational damage, making their security a critical concern. Static code auditing methods are prone to false positives and false negatives, as they fail to account for real-time execution conditions. The integration of dynamic information offers a promising avenue for addressing these limitations and enhancing smart contract security. Ethereum, the most widely used blockchain platform, provides a wealth of publicly available data and has attracted significant attention from researchers due to its security problems. This paper presents a systematic mapping study focused on Ethereum, reviewing the existing literature on the use of dynamic information for enhancing the security of smart contracts. It offers a comprehensive overview of security problems, dynamic information types, technical approaches, and validation methods. Furthermore, we examine the implications and limitations of current research and propose future directions for further exploration in the field of Ethereum smart contract protection.