Optimization of carbon membrane performance in reverse osmosis systems for reducing salinity, nitrates, phosphates, and ammonia in aquaculture wastewater

This study investigates the performance of various types of carbon membranes in reverse osmosis systems aimed at reducing salinity, nitrates, phosphates, and ammonia in aquaculture wastewater. As sustainable aquaculture practices become increasingly essential, effective treatment solutions are needed to mitigate pollution from nutrient-rich effluents. The research highlights several carbon membranes types, including carbon molecular sieves, activated carbon membranes, carbon nanotube membranes, and graphene oxide membranes, all of which demonstrate exceptional filtration capabilities due to their unique structural properties. Findings reveal that these carbon membranes can achieve removal efficiencies exceeding 90 % for critical pollutants, thereby significantly improving water quality and supporting environmental sustainability. The study also explores the development of hybrid membranes and nanocomposites, which enhance performance by combining the strengths of different materials, allowing for customized solutions tailored to the specific requirements of aquaculture wastewater treatment. Additionally, operational parameters such as pH, temperature, and feed water characteristics are crucial for maximizing membrane efficiency. The integration of real-time monitoring technologies is proposed to enable prompt adjustments to treatment processes, thereby improving system performance and reliability. Overall, this research emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers and industry stakeholders to drive innovation in advanced filtration technologies. The findings underscore the substantial potential of carbon membranes in tackling the pressing water quality challenges faced by the aquaculture sector, ultimately contributing to the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and ensuring compliance with environmental standards for future generations.