Postoperative Evaluation of Nerve Function Following Coronal Incisions for Facial Fractures: A Clinical Study.

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the postoperative nerve function following coronal incisions for facial fractures.

Materials and methods: The present study included 30 patients with craniomaxillofacial trauma treated using the bi-temporal/coronal or hemicoronal approach. A preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan of the face with 3D reconstruction was done for all the patients to determine the exact extent of the fractures. All the cases were undertaken with general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. Under all aseptic conditions, a coronal incision was given, reflection of the flap was done and fracture segments were approached. Reduction and fixation were achieved at the sites and closure was done. Postoperatively, neurological deficits in the zygomaticotemporal, supraorbital, and frontal branches of the facial nerve were closely observed at 1-, 4-, 16-, 24-, and 52-weeks intervals.

Results: In all 30 patients, the duration of recovery varied between 16 weeks, 24 weeks, 32 weeks and 52 weeks but at the end of 32-52 weeks all the deficits subsided. There was a marked recovery between 16 and 24 weeks, with a complete resolution of 52 weeks. The study found a significant association between recovery time and nerve healing, highlighting the coronal approach's effectiveness in treating complex facial fractures while preserving nerve integrity.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the study found that while patients undergoing craniomaxillofacial reconstruction via the coronal approach initially experienced notable neurological deficits, full nerve function was ultimately restored over time, underscoring a strong correlation between nerve healing and favorable functional outcomes.

Clinical significance: The coronal approach not only delivers superior esthetic results but also safeguards neural integrity, minimizing the risk of nerve impairment often associated with traditional methods of fracture management. Coronal incisions provide superior access for precise anatomic reduction and preserve nerve integrity. How to cite this article: Pattnayak A, Awasthi N, Penumatsa NV, et al. Postoperative Evaluation of Nerve Function Following Coronal Incisions for Facial Fractures: A Clinical Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(12):1135-1140.