黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor）粉替代饲料鱼粉改变了大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）肠道菌群、抗氧化性和免疫力。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110272

Peng Qu , Jing Yuan , Yang Wu , Shuangjie Tian , Zhenhua Wu , Peng Chen , Mingzhu Pan , Huasong Weng , Kangsen Mai , Wenbing Zhang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本试验研究了初始体重为189.18±0.13 g的大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）饲粮中添加黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor）粉（TM）替代鱼粉对其抗氧化、免疫和肠道微生物群的影响。采用TM分别替代0% （TM0）、15% （TM15）、30% （TM30）、45% （TM45）、60% （TM60）、75% （TM75）和100% （TM100）的鱼粉配制7种等氮等脂饲料。每种试验饲料随机分为大黄鱼3个重复组（每组100尾）。80 d的饲养试验表明，以TM替代鱼粉饲料饲喂的鱼，其肠道麦芽糖酶、溶菌酶和酸性磷酸酶活性、血清白蛋白浓度和血清总抗氧化能力均高于60% （P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，TM75和TM100组肠道肌层厚度和周径比显著降低（P < 0.05）。在转录水平上，随着鱼粉替代水平的升高，小肠occludin、occludenzonula -1 （zo1）、寡肽转运蛋白1 （pept1）、寡肽转运蛋白2 (pept2) mRNA表达量以及小肠和肝脏核因子-红细胞2相关因子2 （nrf2）和白细胞介素-10 (il-10) mRNA表达量均呈线性下调（P < 0.05）。随着饲料中鱼粉替代水平的增加，肠和肝脏中kelch样ech相关蛋白1 （keap-1）、核因子-κB （nf -κB）和肿瘤坏死因子-α (tnf-α)的相对表达量呈线性上调（P < 0.05）。此外，增加饲料中鱼粉替代水平维持了肠道微生物群α多样性（P < 0.05），但改变了肠道微生物组成（P < 0.05）。由此可见，以TM替代45%的鱼粉（相当于饲料中25.57%的TM）对大黄鱼肠道菌群、抗氧化和免疫功能均无显著负面影响。

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Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) meal replacing dietary fishmeal alters the intestinal microbiota, anti-oxidation and immunity of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

The present study investigated the impact of dietary fishmeal replacement with yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) meal (TM) on the anti-oxidation, immunity and intestinal microbiota of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), with an initial body weight of 189.18 ± 0.13 g. Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were made using TM replacing the fishmeal at 0 % (TM0), 15 % (TM15), 30 % (TM30), 45 % (TM45), 60 % (TM60), 75 % (TM75) and 100 % (TM100), respectively. Each experimental diet was randomly assigned to three replicate groups of large yellow croaker (100 fish per group). After an 80-day feeding trial, it was showed that the activities of maltase, lysozyme and acid phosphatase in intestine, as well as serum albumin concentration and total anti-oxidative capacity in serum of fish fed diets with TM replacing fishmeal more than 60 % (P < 0.05). The intestinal muscularis thickness and perimeter-to-diameter ratio decreased significantly in TM75 and TM100 groups compared to the control (P < 0.05). At the transcriptional level, the mRNA expression of occludin, zonula occludens-1 (zo-1), oligopeptide transporter 1 (pept1), and oligopeptide transporter 2 (pept2) in the intestine, along with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2) and interleukin-10 (il-10) in both the intestine and liver, were linearly downregulated as the fishmeal replacement level increased (P < 0.05). While the relative expression levels of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap-1), nuclear factor-κB (nf-κb) and tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) in the intestine and liver were linearly upregulated with increasing dietary fishmeal replacement levels (P < 0.05). Besides, increasing dietary fishmeal replacement levels maintained intestinal microbiota alpha diversity (P > 0.05), while altering the intestinal microbial composition (P < 0.05). In conclusion, replacing 45 % of fishmeal with TM (equivalent to 25.57 % TM in diet) had no significant negative effects on the intestinal microflora, anti-oxidation and immunity of large yellow croaker.

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来源期刊

Fish & shellfish immunology 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

19.10%

发文量

750

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Fish and Shellfish Immunology rapidly publishes high-quality, peer-refereed contributions in the expanding fields of fish and shellfish immunology. It presents studies on the basic mechanisms of both the specific and non-specific defense systems, the cells, tissues, and humoral factors involved, their dependence on environmental and intrinsic factors, response to pathogens, response to vaccination, and applied studies on the development of specific vaccines for use in the aquaculture industry.