{"title":"Synthesis of carbon aerogels incorporating with CoFe alloys for electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Qingkun Xu , Xiurong Zhu , Jiawei Zhu , Peng Liao , Yi Yu , Zuzou Xiong , Xianke Zhang , Jvjun Yuan , Xiaoqing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106184","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To incorporate magnetic metals into carbon materials is a proven method to achieve highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) capabilities. In this study, cobalt (Co)-iron (Fe) alloys doped phenolic-based carbon aerogels (CoFe-CAs) with an impressive core-shell structure were prepared by using 1,2-epoxypropane as catalyst via a simplified sol-gel method. The effect of annealing temperature on the EMA properties of CoFe-CAs was explored and the X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, N<sub>2</sub> isothermal adsorption-desorption curves and vector network analyzer were used to acquire their physical and chemical properties. The results show that the CoFe-CAs (S-1050) with an impressive core-shell structure possess outstanding EMA performance, the minimum reflection-loss value reaches -58.46 dB (matching thickness: 2.1 mm, frequency: 12.9 GHz) while the maximum effective-absorption-bandwidth displays 5.7 GHz (frequency range: 12.13–17.83 GHz, matching thickness: 1.84 mm), the minimum radar-cross-section value displays -40.02 dB m<sup>2</sup> in a range of 0° to 360°. The excellent EMA performance of CoFe-CAs can be mainly attributed to the high conduction loss derived from their graphitized carbon, the polarization loss resulted from their impressive core-shell structure, high specific surface area and rich pore structure, and the impedance matching characteristics optimized by the good synergy of dielectric loss and magnetic loss. This study provides a new catalyst and a simplified method for the preparation of magnetic metal doped phenolic-based CAs with excellent EMA properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106184"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Surfaces and Interfaces","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468023025004432","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
在碳材料中加入磁性金属是实现高效电磁波吸收(EMA)能力的一种行之有效的方法。本研究以 1,2-epoxypropane 为催化剂,通过简化的溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有令人印象深刻的核壳结构的掺杂钴(Co)-铁(Fe)合金酚基碳气凝胶(CoFe-CAs)。利用 X 射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、高分辨率透射电子显微镜、选区电子衍射、N2 等温吸附-解吸曲线和矢量网络分析仪等仪器对 CoFe-CAs 的物理和化学性质进行了研究,探讨了退火温度对其 EMA 性能的影响。结果表明,具有令人印象深刻的核壳结构的 CoFe-CAs (S-1050) 具有出色的 EMA 性能,最小反射损耗值达到 -58.46 dB(匹配厚度:2.1 mm,频率:12.9 GHz),最大有效吸收带宽为 5.7 GHz(频率范围:12.13-17.83 GHz,匹配厚度:1.84 mm),在 0° 至 360° 范围内的最小雷达截面值为 -40.02 dB m2。CoFe-CAs 的优异 EMA 性能主要归功于其石墨化碳所带来的高传导损耗,其令人印象深刻的核壳结构、高比表面积和丰富的孔隙结构所带来的极化损耗,以及介电损耗和磁损耗的良好协同作用所优化的阻抗匹配特性。这项研究为制备具有优异 EMA 性能的磁性金属掺杂酚醛基 CAs 提供了一种新催化剂和简化方法。
Synthesis of carbon aerogels incorporating with CoFe alloys for electromagnetic wave absorption
To incorporate magnetic metals into carbon materials is a proven method to achieve highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) capabilities. In this study, cobalt (Co)-iron (Fe) alloys doped phenolic-based carbon aerogels (CoFe-CAs) with an impressive core-shell structure were prepared by using 1,2-epoxypropane as catalyst via a simplified sol-gel method. The effect of annealing temperature on the EMA properties of CoFe-CAs was explored and the X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, N2 isothermal adsorption-desorption curves and vector network analyzer were used to acquire their physical and chemical properties. The results show that the CoFe-CAs (S-1050) with an impressive core-shell structure possess outstanding EMA performance, the minimum reflection-loss value reaches -58.46 dB (matching thickness: 2.1 mm, frequency: 12.9 GHz) while the maximum effective-absorption-bandwidth displays 5.7 GHz (frequency range: 12.13–17.83 GHz, matching thickness: 1.84 mm), the minimum radar-cross-section value displays -40.02 dB m2 in a range of 0° to 360°. The excellent EMA performance of CoFe-CAs can be mainly attributed to the high conduction loss derived from their graphitized carbon, the polarization loss resulted from their impressive core-shell structure, high specific surface area and rich pore structure, and the impedance matching characteristics optimized by the good synergy of dielectric loss and magnetic loss. This study provides a new catalyst and a simplified method for the preparation of magnetic metal doped phenolic-based CAs with excellent EMA properties.
期刊介绍:
The aim of the journal is to provide a respectful outlet for ''sound science'' papers in all research areas on surfaces and interfaces. We define sound science papers as papers that describe new and well-executed research, but that do not necessarily provide brand new insights or are merely a description of research results.
Surfaces and Interfaces publishes research papers in all fields of surface science which may not always find the right home on first submission to our Elsevier sister journals (Applied Surface, Surface and Coatings Technology, Thin Solid Films)