An automated small-scale aquaponics system design using a closed loop control

This study presents the design and implementation of an automated, small-scale aquaponics system tailored for compact urban spaces, such as condominiums. The system, measuring 43 cm by 60 cm by 80 cm, integrates advanced monitoring and control capabilities to regulate key environmental parameters and display real-time data. Motivated by the need to optimize food production in urban settings and minimize manual labor, the system uses an Arduino microcontroller to automate lighting, fish feeding, misting, and water circulation. Key parameters monitored include air and water temperature, humidity, pH levels, and water level, with data recorded for further analysis. The system employs specialized LED growth lights and a micro-SD card module for data storage, fostering optimal plant and fish growth. The primary research contribution lies in demonstrating a closed-loop control system that autonomously maintains ideal conditions, addressing the challenge of frequent manual intervention in aquaponics systems. Experimental results over a 5-day period show that the system maintains water temperature between 20 °C and 26 °C, humidity between 40 % and 100 %, and consistent pH levels within the desired range, ensuring a conducive environment for both plants and fish. Furthermore, the study demonstrated an expected production of 150g spinach within 4 weeks, and a tilapia reaching an average daily gain of 0 .67g. This study highlights the potential for broader adoption of such systems in urban farming, offering a sustainable solution to enhance food production in limited spaces.