尼西维单抗预防西澳大利亚州儿童rsv住院的有效性

IF 14.3 1区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106466

Ushma Wadia , Hannah C. Moore , Peter C. Richmond , Avram Levy , Lana Bell , Catherine Pienaar , Joanne Harvey , Caroline Finucane , Erin van der Helder , Lauren Bloomfield , Allen Cheng , Paul Effler , Christopher C. Blyth

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）对2岁以下儿童造成重大疾病负担。Nirsevimab是一种长效单克隆抗体，于2023年在澳大利亚注册用于RSV预防。2024年4月，西澳大利亚州（WA）为所有进入第二个RSV季节的婴儿和高危儿童推出了该国首个全州范围的nirseimab计划。本研究描述了在单个流行季节内使用尼瑟维单抗抗RSV住院治疗的有效性。方法：于2024年4月至10月，从西澳三家医院招募实验室确诊的rsv相关急性呼吸道感染（ARI）住院儿童和检测阴性对照。评估了人口统计学变量、医疗风险因素、症状和结果。估计尼瑟维单抗预防rsv相关住院的有效性。结果：在7个月的时间里，284名符合nirseimab条件的儿童入组，包括184例RSV阳性病例和100例对照组。尼罗昔单抗在RSV病例和对照组中的覆盖率分别为22.8%和60.0%。尼罗sevimab对rsv相关ARI住院治疗的总体调整有效性为88.2% （95% CI: 73.5, 94.7）。42例（22.8%）儿童在接受尼塞维单抗治疗后发生呼吸道合胞病毒感染；免疫组和未免疫组RSV疾病严重程度无显著差异。结论：Nirsevimab在预防南半球幼儿rsv相关的ARI住院方面非常有效。摘要：本研究是澳大利亚第一个在单一流行季节提供尼塞维单抗对RSV住院治疗有效性评估的研究。对rsv相关的ARI住院治疗的nirseimab有效性的调整估计为88.2%，与北半球国家报告的结果相似。数据可用性：当前研究期间生成和/或分析的数据集尚未公开，但可应要求提供。

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Effectiveness of nirsevimab in preventing RSV-hospitalisation among young children in Western Australia 2024

Background

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) causes a significant burden of illness for children under 2 years of age. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, was registered for RSV prevention in Australia in 2023. In April 2024, Western Australia (WA) launched the country’s first state-wide nirsevimab program for all infants and high-risk children entering their second RSV season. This study describes the effectiveness of nirsevimab against RSV hospitalisation over a single epidemic season.

Methods

Between April and October 2024, children hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed RSV-associated acute respiratory infection (ARI) and test-negative controls were enrolled from three hospitals in WA. Demographic variables, medical risk factors, symptoms and outcomes were assessed. Nirsevimab effectiveness in preventing RSV-associated hospitalisation was estimated.

Results

Over 7 months, 284 children eligible for nirsevimab were enrolled including 184 RSV positive cases and 100 controls. Coverage of nirsevimab in RSV cases was 22.8% and 60.0% in controls. The overall adjusted effectiveness of nirsevimab against RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation was 88.2% (95% CI: 73.5, 94.7). RSV infection occurred in 42 (22.8%) children who had received nirsevimab; there was no significant difference in RSV illness severity among those immunised and unimmunised.

Conclusion

Nirsevimab was highly effective at preventing RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation in young children in the southern hemisphere.

Summary

This study is the first Australian study to provide nirsevimab effectiveness estimate against RSV hospitalisation over a single epidemic season. The adjusted estimate of nirsevimab effectiveness against RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation was 88.2%, similar to those reported from Northern Hemisphere countries.

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

45.90

自引率

3.20%

发文量

475

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection publishes original papers on all aspects of infection - clinical, microbiological and epidemiological. The Journal seeks to bring together knowledge from all specialties involved in infection research and clinical practice, and present the best work in the ever-changing field of infection. Each issue brings you Editorials that describe current or controversial topics of interest, high quality Reviews to keep you in touch with the latest developments in specific fields of interest, an Epidemiology section reporting studies in the hospital and the general community, and a lively correspondence section.