渐新世奥德赛:分子系统发育分析描述了北美东部淡水Gammarus的起源和多样化

IF 3.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Andrew G. Cannizzaro, David J. Berg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:考虑到Gammarus属的物种数量及其独特的历史(多个分类群独立地从海洋环境过渡到淡水环境),该属的成员已经成为检验生物地理学假设的一个极好的模型。然而,当人们把注意力放在古北极伽玛鲁斯上时,对新北极的成员却知之甚少。根据在属内观察到的趋势,来自北美东部(ENA)的Gammarus可能代表了另一个独立的谱系,可能是通过一条迄今未知的途径到达大陆的。我们对该地区的Gammarus spp.的系统发育和进化历史进行了研究。地理位置:北美东部。分类单元 Gammarus。方法获取75例个体的2个核位点和2个线粒体位点的序列数据,其中4个为新测序。在划分数据集的基础上,利用极大似然和贝叶斯推理重构系统发育树。贝叶斯树基于一组5个混合校准点进行时间校准。采用RASP软件对潜在祖先区进行调查。结果ENA Gammarus属单系,与古北Gammarus和G. duebeni均有亲缘关系。新生成的序列巩固了Gammarus bousfieldi的位置,它被发现与g -有关。时间校准的系统发育将始新世/渐新世的ENA谱系的冠年龄定位在始新世/渐新世。这些时间表明,该谱系起源于海洋,然后分散到淡水中。“ENA Gammarus”的成员是该属中一个独特的谱系,起源于始新世/渐新世的海洋祖先,并在不久之后定居于新北极。谱系的确切路线尚不清楚;然而,有三条路线被提议:(i)圣劳伦斯湾,(ii)切萨皮克湾,(iii)密西西比河。这里产生的结果强调了谱系独特的进化历史,突出了通常不被认为是无脊椎动物分类群的新殖民化途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Oligocene Odyssey: Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses Describe the Origin and Diversification of Freshwater Gammarus in Eastern North America

Oligocene Odyssey: Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses Describe the Origin and Diversification of Freshwater Gammarus in Eastern North America

Aim

Members of the amphipod genus Gammarus have served as an excellent model for testing biogeographic hypotheses given the number of species within the genus and its unique history, with multiple taxa transitioning from marine to freshwater environments independently. However, while attention has been placed on Palearctic Gammarus, little is known about members in the Nearctic. Given trends observed within the genus, Gammarus from eastern North America (ENA) may represent another independent lineage, likely reaching the continent using a heretofore unknown pathway. We investigate the phylogenetic and evolutionary history of Gammarus spp. in this region.

Location

Eastern North America.

Taxon

Gammarus.

Methods

Sequence data for two nuclear and two mitochondrial loci were obtained for 75 individuals, four of which are newly sequenced. Based on a partitioned dataset, phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Bayesian trees were time-calibrated based on a set of five mixed calibration points. RASP software was used to investigate potential ancestral areas.

Results

ENA Gammarus spp. were recovered as monophyletic, showing affinity to both Palearctic Gammarus and G. duebeni. Newly generated sequences solidify the position of Gammarus bousfieldi, which is found to be related to G. minus. Time-calibrated phylogenies place the crown age of the ENA lineage during the Eocene/Oligocene. These timings suggest a marine origin for the lineage followed by dispersal into freshwaters.

Main Conclusions

Members of the “ENA Gammarus” are a unique lineage within the genus, originating from a marine ancestor during the Eocene/Oligocene and colonising the Nearctic shortly after. The exact route the lineage may have taken is unclear; however, three routes are proposed: (i) the Gulf of St. Lawrence, (ii) the Chesapeake Bay, and (iii) the Mississippi River. Results generated here emphasise the lineages' unique evolutionary history, highlighting novel colonisation pathways not often considered for invertebrate taxa.

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来源期刊
Journal of Biogeography
Journal of Biogeography 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
5.10%
发文量
203
审稿时长
2.2 months
期刊介绍: Papers dealing with all aspects of spatial, ecological and historical biogeography are considered for publication in Journal of Biogeography. The mission of the journal is to contribute to the growth and societal relevance of the discipline of biogeography through its role in the dissemination of biogeographical research.
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