意大利南部普利亚地区育龄妇女弓形虫病的客观和主观知识

IF 2.9 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00259

Antonella Cammarelle, Alessandra Barlaam, Ylenia De Santis, Annunziata Giangaspero, Biagia De Deviitis

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引用次数: 0

摘要

由刚地弓形虫引起的弓形虫病是一种广泛存在的人畜共患疾病，如果在怀孕期间感染，可能对胎儿造成严重后果。本研究旨在评估意大利东南部地区（即普利亚地区）育龄妇女对弓形虫病及其传播方式的客观和主观知识，并根据其对弓形虫病的知识水平确定同质的女性群体。数据收集在一个基于网络的568名女性的调查样本中，并通过两步聚类分析进行分析。调查结果显示，69.4%的受访者表示对弓形虫病有所了解。具体而言，对感染风险因素的了解程度很高，例如食用未煮熟的肉类和未经清洗的生水果和蔬菜（95.8%）以及与怀孕相关的风险（94.5%）。然而，只有52.8%的人知道弓形虫是一种寄生原生动物，40.5%的人知道土壤是传播途径。聚类分析发现女性有知识（40.2%）、部分知识（39.6%）和无知识（20.2%）。受过高等教育和就业的妇女表现出更高的意识，而在知识有限的人中，受教育程度较低的学生和个人所占比例过高。这些发现突出了在某些传播方面的知识差距，并强调了有针对性的健康教育的重要性，特别是关于土壤的作用和弓形虫作为寄生虫的性质。实施有效、可获得的教育规划对于减轻弓形虫感染负担至关重要，特别是在卫生知识普及程度有限的地区。建立区域参考中心可以加强对高危人群的监测、预防和支持。

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Objective and subjective knowledge of toxoplasmosis among women of childbearing age in the Apulia region of Southern Italy

Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is a widespread zoonotic disease with potentially serious consequences to the fetus if acquired during pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate objective and subjective knowledge of toxoplasmosis and its modes of transmission in women of reproductive age living in an Italian southeastern region (i.e., Apulia region) and to identify homogeneous segments of women based on their level of knowledge of toxoplasmosis. Data were collected in a web-based survey sample of 568 women, and analyzed via a two-step cluster analysis.

The results showed that 69.4 % of respondents claimed awareness of toxoplasmosis. Specifically, knowledge about infection risk factors, such as consumption of undercooked meat and raw unwashed fruits and vegetables (95.8 %) and pregnancy-related risks (94.5 %), was high. However, only 52.8 % knew that T. gondii is a parasitic protozoan, and 40.5 % were aware of soil as a transmission route. Cluster analysis identified three segments: women with knowledge (40.2 %), partial knowledge (39.6 %), and no knowledge (20.2 %). Women with higher education and employed showed greater awareness, whereas students and individuals with lower education levels were overrepresented among those with limited knowledge.

These findings highlight a knowledge gap in certain transmission aspects and underscore the importance of targeted health education, particularly regarding the role of soil and the nature of T. gondii as a parasite.

Implementing effective, accessible educational programs is crucial for reducing the burden of T. gondii infection, especially in regions with limited health literacy. Establishing regional reference centers could enhance monitoring, prevention, and support for at-risk populations.

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来源期刊

Food and Waterborne Parasitology Immunology and Microbiology-Parasitology

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： Food and Waterborne Parasitology publishes high quality papers containing original research findings, investigative reports, and scientific proceedings on parasites which are transmitted to humans via the consumption of food or water. The relevant parasites include protozoa, nematodes, cestodes and trematodes which are transmitted by food or water and capable of infecting humans. Pertinent food includes products of animal or plant origin which are domestic or wild, and consumed by humans. Animals and plants from both terrestrial and aquatic sources are included, as well as studies related to potable and other types of water which serve to harbor, perpetuate or disseminate food and waterborne parasites. Studies dealing with prevalence, transmission, epidemiology, risk assessment and mitigation, including control measures and test methodologies for parasites in food and water are of particular interest. Evidence of the emergence of such parasites and interactions among domestic animals, wildlife and humans are of interest. The impact of parasites on the health and welfare of humans is viewed as very important and within scope of the journal. Manuscripts with scientifically generated information on associations between food and waterborne parasitic diseases and lifestyle, culture and economies are also welcome. Studies involving animal experiments must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences.