Impact of hall current and rotational on MHD flow of nanofluid with joule heating and viscous dissipation

This study investigates the influence of Hall current, rotational effects, and thermal diffusion on the transient magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) free convection flow of water-based Cu and TiO₂ nanofluids, incorporating the effects of Joule heating and viscous dissipation. The fluid motion occurs along a permeable vertical plate under an applied magnetic field in a rotating frame of reference. The governing equations, formulated as partial differential equations (PDEs), are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using non-dimensionalization techniques and are solved analytically via the perturbation method. The study presents an in-depth analysis of velocity and temperature distributions, as well as the effects of key parameters such as the hall current, rotational force, thermal radiation and suction parameter. Results indicate that an increase in the Hall parameter enhances the velocity of the primary flow but decreases secondary velocity. The velocity profile also increases with higher thermal Grashof number, while a rise in the magnetic field strength retards fluid motion due to Lorentz force effects. The temperature profile decreases with increasing Prandtl number and heat source intensity. These findings provide valuable insights into the behavior of nanofluid flow in MHD environments and have potential applications in energy systems, cooling technologies, and electronic thermal management.