Vivien Hohberg, Eric Lichtenstein, Jan-Niklas Kreppke, Cedrine Zanitti, Fiona Streckmann, Markus Gerber, Oliver Faude
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Effects of Lifestyle Interventions to Promote Physical Activity on Physical Activity and Glycated Hemoglobin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background
Numerous studies have explored the impact of controlled exercise interventions in type 2 diabetes, as physical activity can positively influence its progression. However, our understanding of how broader lifestyle interventions can effectively promote physical activity in practical real-world scenarios remains limited.
Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential of lifestyle interventions targeting the promotion of physical activity on physical activity outcomes and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), providing a comprehensive understanding of both behavioral and clinical impacts.
Methods
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching three databases and examined the study design, structure, and content of the lifestyle interventions. We assessed physical activity and HbA1c as endpoints and performed a multivariate meta-regression to explore physical activity’s impact on HbA1c.
Results
This review incorporated 13 studies (n = 5301 patients), with heterogeneity in intervention designs, components, and durations. Lifestyle interventions showed a slight increase in physical activity, equivalent to an average of 9.0 min more total physical activity per day (95% confidence interval 5.8, 12.2) and 1.7 min more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day (95% confidence interval 1.1, 2.3), irrespective of objective (e.g., accelerometers) or subjective measurement (e.g., questionnaires) method. However, HbA1c reduction through these interventions was minimal 0.09% (95% confidence interval − 0.20, 0.03). The effect of physical activity was − 0.04 (standard error = 0.05, 95% confidence interval − 0.15, 0.06), suggesting that physical activity does not act as a moderator for changes in HbA1c.
Conclusions
Lifestyle interventions effectively increase physical activity but have limited impact on HbA1c compared to controls. The role of physical activity as a moderator for changes in HbA1c remains uncertain. Further research is needed to enhance the efficacy of these interventions in reducing HbA1c in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
期刊介绍：
Sports Medicine focuses on providing definitive and comprehensive review articles that interpret and evaluate current literature, aiming to offer insights into research findings in the sports medicine and exercise field. The journal covers major topics such as sports medicine and sports science, medical syndromes associated with sport and exercise, clinical medicine's role in injury prevention and treatment, exercise for rehabilitation and health, and the application of physiological and biomechanical principles to specific sports.
Types of Articles:
Review Articles: Definitive and comprehensive reviews that interpret and evaluate current literature to provide rationale for and application of research findings.
Leading/Current Opinion Articles: Overviews of contentious or emerging issues in the field.
Original Research Articles: High-quality research articles.
Enhanced Features: Additional features like slide sets, videos, and animations aimed at increasing the visibility, readership, and educational value of the journal's content.
Plain Language Summaries: Summaries accompanying articles to assist readers in understanding important medical advances.
Peer Review Process:
All manuscripts undergo peer review by international experts to ensure quality and rigor. The journal also welcomes Letters to the Editor, which will be considered for publication.
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