Craig D Newgard, Susan Malveau, Amber Lin, Patrick Carter, Jason Goldstick, Jennifer N B Cook, N Clay Mann, Xubo Song, Sean R Babcock, Nathan Kuppermann, Apoorva Salvi, Mary E Fallat, Peter C Jenkins, Ran Wei
{"title":"儿童火器伤害911响应的地理空间聚类分析","authors":"Craig D Newgard, Susan Malveau, Amber Lin, Patrick Carter, Jason Goldstick, Jennifer N B Cook, N Clay Mann, Xubo Song, Sean R Babcock, Nathan Kuppermann, Apoorva Salvi, Mary E Fallat, Peter C Jenkins, Ran Wei","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-068179","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We evaluated spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries using national 9-1-1 emergency medical services (EMS) responses, locations where these events occurred, and geographic changes over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2022 using 9-1-1 EMS responses for children in 50 states from the National EMS Information Systems (NEMSIS). For 37 states with continuous data over the study period, we evaluated spatial changes over time. We included children aged 0 to 17 years with a 9-1-1 EMS response including transports, nontransports, and deaths at the scene. We stratified by child (0-10 years) and adolescent (11-17 years) age groups. The outcome was firearm injury, regardless of intent or severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 10 521 575 9-1-1 EMS responses from 30 393 incident zip codes, including 26 101 (0.25%) for firearm injuries (3679 [14.1%] in children and 22 422 [85.9%] in adolescents). Among 3679 children with firearm injuries, 2975 (80.9%) occurred in their home zip code and 1490 (40.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 22 422 adolescents with firearm injuries, 15 635 (69.7%) occurred in their home zip code and 11 551 (51.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 37 states (n = 6 103 297 events, n = 11 433 zip codes), 213 of 446 (47.8%) clustered zip codes for children were new in 2022 and 148 of 461 (32.1%) clustered zip codes for adolescents were new. Results were similar when using home zip codes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries, commonly in their home zip code. The number of zip codes included in pediatric firearm hotspots is increasing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Geospatial Clustering of 9-1-1 Responses for Pediatric Firearm Injuries Over Time.\",\"authors\":\"Craig D Newgard, Susan Malveau, Amber Lin, Patrick Carter, Jason Goldstick, Jennifer N B Cook, N Clay Mann, Xubo Song, Sean R Babcock, Nathan Kuppermann, Apoorva Salvi, Mary E Fallat, Peter C Jenkins, Ran Wei\",\"doi\":\"10.1542/peds.2024-068179\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p></p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We evaluated spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries using national 9-1-1 emergency medical services (EMS) responses, locations where these events occurred, and geographic changes over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2022 using 9-1-1 EMS responses for children in 50 states from the National EMS Information Systems (NEMSIS). For 37 states with continuous data over the study period, we evaluated spatial changes over time. We included children aged 0 to 17 years with a 9-1-1 EMS response including transports, nontransports, and deaths at the scene. We stratified by child (0-10 years) and adolescent (11-17 years) age groups. The outcome was firearm injury, regardless of intent or severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 10 521 575 9-1-1 EMS responses from 30 393 incident zip codes, including 26 101 (0.25%) for firearm injuries (3679 [14.1%] in children and 22 422 [85.9%] in adolescents). Among 3679 children with firearm injuries, 2975 (80.9%) occurred in their home zip code and 1490 (40.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 22 422 adolescents with firearm injuries, 15 635 (69.7%) occurred in their home zip code and 11 551 (51.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 37 states (n = 6 103 297 events, n = 11 433 zip codes), 213 of 446 (47.8%) clustered zip codes for children were new in 2022 and 148 of 461 (32.1%) clustered zip codes for adolescents were new. Results were similar when using home zip codes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries, commonly in their home zip code. The number of zip codes included in pediatric firearm hotspots is increasing.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20028,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Pediatrics\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Pediatrics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-068179\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PEDIATRICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pediatrics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-068179","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PEDIATRICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Geospatial Clustering of 9-1-1 Responses for Pediatric Firearm Injuries Over Time.
Objectives: We evaluated spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries using national 9-1-1 emergency medical services (EMS) responses, locations where these events occurred, and geographic changes over time.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2022 using 9-1-1 EMS responses for children in 50 states from the National EMS Information Systems (NEMSIS). For 37 states with continuous data over the study period, we evaluated spatial changes over time. We included children aged 0 to 17 years with a 9-1-1 EMS response including transports, nontransports, and deaths at the scene. We stratified by child (0-10 years) and adolescent (11-17 years) age groups. The outcome was firearm injury, regardless of intent or severity.
Results: There were 10 521 575 9-1-1 EMS responses from 30 393 incident zip codes, including 26 101 (0.25%) for firearm injuries (3679 [14.1%] in children and 22 422 [85.9%] in adolescents). Among 3679 children with firearm injuries, 2975 (80.9%) occurred in their home zip code and 1490 (40.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 22 422 adolescents with firearm injuries, 15 635 (69.7%) occurred in their home zip code and 11 551 (51.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 37 states (n = 6 103 297 events, n = 11 433 zip codes), 213 of 446 (47.8%) clustered zip codes for children were new in 2022 and 148 of 461 (32.1%) clustered zip codes for adolescents were new. Results were similar when using home zip codes.
Conclusions: There was spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries, commonly in their home zip code. The number of zip codes included in pediatric firearm hotspots is increasing.
期刊介绍：
The Pediatrics® journal is the official flagship journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). It is widely cited in the field of pediatric medicine and is recognized as the leading journal in the field.
The journal publishes original research and evidence-based articles, which provide authoritative information to help readers stay up-to-date with the latest developments in pediatric medicine. The content is peer-reviewed and undergoes rigorous evaluation to ensure its quality and reliability.
Pediatrics also serves as a valuable resource for conducting new research studies and supporting education and training activities in the field of pediatrics. It aims to enhance the quality of pediatric outpatient and inpatient care by disseminating valuable knowledge and insights.
As of 2023, Pediatrics has an impressive Journal Impact Factor (IF) Score of 8.0. The IF is a measure of a journal's influence and importance in the scientific community, with higher scores indicating a greater impact. This score reflects the significance and reach of the research published in Pediatrics, further establishing its prominence in the field of pediatric medicine.
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