{"title":"静态和动态屏气时的心血管和脑血流动力学。","authors":"Jérémie Allinger, Guillaume Costalat, Catherine Chiron, Marion Nouhliane, Gaelle Mediouni, Emilie Carré, Frédéric Lemaître","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05742-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study investigated the changes in cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics elicited by the diving response during static (S<sub>BH</sub>) and dynamic (DYN<sub>BH</sub>) breath-holding (BH) in moderately trained recreational breath-hold divers (BHDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen BHDs (42.9 ± 7.8 years, 5.7 ± 2.5 years of breath-hold practice) participated in the study. Cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics, along with muscle and pre-frontal cortex oxygenation, were continuously tracked throughout a single S<sub>BH</sub> and DYN<sub>BH</sub> by means of arterial volume clamp, transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and near-infrared spectroscopy. In addition, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was measured pre- and post-BH to evaluate potential neuronal stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the end of BH, the manifestations of the diving response were similar in both conditions, characterized by a bradycardic response (S<sub>BH</sub>: - 14 ± 6%, p < 0.05; DYN<sub>BH</sub>: - 13 ± 18%, p < 0.05) and an increase in total peripheral resistance (S<sub>BH</sub>: + 127 ± 46%, p < 0.05; DYN<sub>BH</sub>: + 116 ± 110%, p < 0.05). Mean middle cerebral artery blood velocity increased significantly more during S<sub>BH</sub> (+ 139 ± 17%, p < 0.05) than DYN<sub>BH</sub> (+ 109 ± 23%, p < 0.05). Relative changes in pre-frontal cortex deoxygenated hemoglobin were higher during DYN<sub>BH</sub> compared to S<sub>BH</sub> (+ 350 ± 106% vs. + 128 ± 27%, p < 0.05). NSE levels did not change pre- and post- S<sub>BH</sub> and DYN<sub>BH</sub>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to relatively attenuated increase in cerebral blood velocity, DYN<sub>BH</sub> resulted in a greater imbalance between oxygen supply and pre-frontal oxygen consumption than S<sub>BH</sub>. However, NSE levels remained unchanged from baseline values, suggesting that no acute neuronal damage occurred in either condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1855-1867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics during static and dynamic breath-holding.\",\"authors\":\"Jérémie Allinger, Guillaume Costalat, Catherine Chiron, Marion Nouhliane, Gaelle Mediouni, Emilie Carré, Frédéric Lemaître\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00421-025-05742-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study investigated the changes in cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics elicited by the diving response during static (S<sub>BH</sub>) and dynamic (DYN<sub>BH</sub>) breath-holding (BH) in moderately trained recreational breath-hold divers (BHDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen BHDs (42.9 ± 7.8 years, 5.7 ± 2.5 years of breath-hold practice) participated in the study. Cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics, along with muscle and pre-frontal cortex oxygenation, were continuously tracked throughout a single S<sub>BH</sub> and DYN<sub>BH</sub> by means of arterial volume clamp, transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and near-infrared spectroscopy. In addition, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was measured pre- and post-BH to evaluate potential neuronal stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the end of BH, the manifestations of the diving response were similar in both conditions, characterized by a bradycardic response (S<sub>BH</sub>: - 14 ± 6%, p < 0.05; DYN<sub>BH</sub>: - 13 ± 18%, p < 0.05) and an increase in total peripheral resistance (S<sub>BH</sub>: + 127 ± 46%, p < 0.05; DYN<sub>BH</sub>: + 116 ± 110%, p < 0.05). Mean middle cerebral artery blood velocity increased significantly more during S<sub>BH</sub> (+ 139 ± 17%, p < 0.05) than DYN<sub>BH</sub> (+ 109 ± 23%, p < 0.05). Relative changes in pre-frontal cortex deoxygenated hemoglobin were higher during DYN<sub>BH</sub> compared to S<sub>BH</sub> (+ 350 ± 106% vs. + 128 ± 27%, p < 0.05). NSE levels did not change pre- and post- S<sub>BH</sub> and DYN<sub>BH</sub>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to relatively attenuated increase in cerebral blood velocity, DYN<sub>BH</sub> resulted in a greater imbalance between oxygen supply and pre-frontal oxygen consumption than S<sub>BH</sub>. However, NSE levels remained unchanged from baseline values, suggesting that no acute neuronal damage occurred in either condition.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12005,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Journal of Applied Physiology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1855-1867\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Journal of Applied Physiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05742-0\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/3/12 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05742-0","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/3/12 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics during static and dynamic breath-holding.
Purpose: The study investigated the changes in cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics elicited by the diving response during static (SBH) and dynamic (DYNBH) breath-holding (BH) in moderately trained recreational breath-hold divers (BHDs).
Methods: Nineteen BHDs (42.9 ± 7.8 years, 5.7 ± 2.5 years of breath-hold practice) participated in the study. Cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics, along with muscle and pre-frontal cortex oxygenation, were continuously tracked throughout a single SBH and DYNBH by means of arterial volume clamp, transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and near-infrared spectroscopy. In addition, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was measured pre- and post-BH to evaluate potential neuronal stress.
Results: At the end of BH, the manifestations of the diving response were similar in both conditions, characterized by a bradycardic response (SBH: - 14 ± 6%, p < 0.05; DYNBH: - 13 ± 18%, p < 0.05) and an increase in total peripheral resistance (SBH: + 127 ± 46%, p < 0.05; DYNBH: + 116 ± 110%, p < 0.05). Mean middle cerebral artery blood velocity increased significantly more during SBH (+ 139 ± 17%, p < 0.05) than DYNBH (+ 109 ± 23%, p < 0.05). Relative changes in pre-frontal cortex deoxygenated hemoglobin were higher during DYNBH compared to SBH (+ 350 ± 106% vs. + 128 ± 27%, p < 0.05). NSE levels did not change pre- and post- SBH and DYNBH.
Conclusion: Due to relatively attenuated increase in cerebral blood velocity, DYNBH resulted in a greater imbalance between oxygen supply and pre-frontal oxygen consumption than SBH. However, NSE levels remained unchanged from baseline values, suggesting that no acute neuronal damage occurred in either condition.
期刊介绍:
The European Journal of Applied Physiology (EJAP) aims to promote mechanistic advances in human integrative and translational physiology. Physiology is viewed broadly, having overlapping context with related disciplines such as biomechanics, biochemistry, endocrinology, ergonomics, immunology, motor control, and nutrition. EJAP welcomes studies dealing with physical exercise, training and performance. Studies addressing physiological mechanisms are preferred over descriptive studies. Papers dealing with animal models or pathophysiological conditions are not excluded from consideration, but must be clearly relevant to human physiology.