The effect of combined ergonomic training and exercises on musculoskeletal pain and ergonomic risks in supermarket cashiers: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of a 12-week ergonomic training and exercise program on musculoskeletal pain and ergonomic risks among supermarket cashiers.

Methods: This study cohort comprised 77 cashiers, aged between 18 and 45, who were experiencing musculoskeletal pain. Of these, 60 participants completed the study after random assignment to either the intervention group, which received ergonomic training and exercise, or the control group, which received only ergonomic training. The study lasted 12 weeks, with assessments conducted at baseline (week 0) and 12 weeks post-intervention. The outcomes included the Visual Analogue Scale, the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E), and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. The clinical trial registration number is NCT06407440.

Results: Musculoskeletal pain in the upper back, lower back, and hips/thighs decreased significantly after the intervention, while there were no significant changes in the control group, except for a reduction in upper back pain. A significant improvement in activity limitations was observed in the intervention group, particularly in the upper back and lower back. Consultations with health professionals for upper and lower back pain (NMQ-E) decreased significantly in the intervention group. Symptoms in the past 7 days showed a significant decrease in the intervention group, especially for the upper back, lower back, and hips/thighs, with no significant change in the control group.

Conclusion: The integrated approach of ergonomic training and exercise programs has the potential to alleviate musculoskeletal discomfort among supermarket cashiers. These interventions may prove an effective strategy for enhancing the well-being of workers in physically demanding retail environments.