Junjie Ma , Yaquan Liu , Liu Zhang , Linlin Yao , Yun Ding , Hua Qin , Ziniu Wang , Xuehan Zheng , Xinyue Yang , Haijiang Tian , Li Zeng , Liqun Chen , Runzeng Liu , Jie Gao , Qi Wu , Guangbo Qu , Guibin Jiang
{"title":"通过单细胞质谱法确定金纳米粒子在嗜热四膜虫个体中的尺寸依赖性内化特征","authors":"Junjie Ma , Yaquan Liu , Liu Zhang , Linlin Yao , Yun Ding , Hua Qin , Ziniu Wang , Xuehan Zheng , Xinyue Yang , Haijiang Tian , Li Zeng , Liqun Chen , Runzeng Liu , Jie Gao , Qi Wu , Guangbo Qu , Guibin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126030","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic organisms are inevitably exposed to metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in natural environments, leading to potential harm, ecological disruption, and environmental pollution concerns. Importantly, the size of NPs plays a critical role in influencing their uptake by these organisms. Utilizing mass cytometry, we investigated the internalization characteristics of different-sized gold NPs (AuNPs) in an unicellular ciliate <em>Tetrahymena thermophila,</em> under a low exposure concentration of 1 ngmL<sup>−1</sup><em>.</em> This investigation, conducted at both the population and single-cell levels, revealed that the size of AuNPs significantly affected their uptake by <em>T. thermophila</em> cells. The average mass of intracellular AuNPs peaked at 0.5 h and subsequently decreased, attributed to the efflux of AuNPs or cell proliferation. Larger AuNPs resulted in a lower average intracellular AuNPs mass and a smaller proportion of <em>T. thermophila</em> cells accumulating AuNPs (Au-positive (Au<sup>P</sup><em>) T. thermophila</em>). However, when exposed to larger AuNPs, the Au<sup>P</sup> <em>T. thermophila</em> cells had a higher AuNPs mass and volumetric concentration factors compared to their exposure to smaller AuNPs. After exposure, while most Au<sup>P</sup> <em>T. thermophila</em> cells had intracellular Au content below 2.41 × 10<sup>−15</sup> g cell<sup>−1</sup>, the small groups of <em>T. thermophila</em> cells that accumulated higher mass of AuNPs may be the ones more susceptible to the effects of AuNPs exposure. Additionally, we developed a three-dimensional fitting surface model to depict the relationship among exposure time, AuNP size, and intracellular AuNPs mass in individual <em>T. thermophila</em> cells. This study enhances our understanding of size-specific NPs accumulation in unicellular organisms and provides valuable insights for ecological risk assessment of different sized NPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 126030"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Size-dependent internalization of gold nanoparticles in individual Tetrahymena thermophila characterized by single-cell mass cytometry\",\"authors\":\"Junjie Ma , Yaquan Liu , Liu Zhang , Linlin Yao , Yun Ding , Hua Qin , Ziniu Wang , Xuehan Zheng , Xinyue Yang , Haijiang Tian , Li Zeng , Liqun Chen , Runzeng Liu , Jie Gao , Qi Wu , Guangbo Qu , Guibin Jiang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126030\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Aquatic organisms are inevitably exposed to metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in natural environments, leading to potential harm, ecological disruption, and environmental pollution concerns. Importantly, the size of NPs plays a critical role in influencing their uptake by these organisms. Utilizing mass cytometry, we investigated the internalization characteristics of different-sized gold NPs (AuNPs) in an unicellular ciliate <em>Tetrahymena thermophila,</em> under a low exposure concentration of 1 ngmL<sup>−1</sup><em>.</em> This investigation, conducted at both the population and single-cell levels, revealed that the size of AuNPs significantly affected their uptake by <em>T. thermophila</em> cells. The average mass of intracellular AuNPs peaked at 0.5 h and subsequently decreased, attributed to the efflux of AuNPs or cell proliferation. Larger AuNPs resulted in a lower average intracellular AuNPs mass and a smaller proportion of <em>T. thermophila</em> cells accumulating AuNPs (Au-positive (Au<sup>P</sup><em>) T. thermophila</em>). However, when exposed to larger AuNPs, the Au<sup>P</sup> <em>T. thermophila</em> cells had a higher AuNPs mass and volumetric concentration factors compared to their exposure to smaller AuNPs. After exposure, while most Au<sup>P</sup> <em>T. thermophila</em> cells had intracellular Au content below 2.41 × 10<sup>−15</sup> g cell<sup>−1</sup>, the small groups of <em>T. thermophila</em> cells that accumulated higher mass of AuNPs may be the ones more susceptible to the effects of AuNPs exposure. Additionally, we developed a three-dimensional fitting surface model to depict the relationship among exposure time, AuNP size, and intracellular AuNPs mass in individual <em>T. thermophila</em> cells. This study enhances our understanding of size-specific NPs accumulation in unicellular organisms and provides valuable insights for ecological risk assessment of different sized NPs.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":311,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Environmental Pollution\",\"volume\":\"372 \",\"pages\":\"Article 126030\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":7.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Environmental Pollution\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749125004038\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749125004038","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Size-dependent internalization of gold nanoparticles in individual Tetrahymena thermophila characterized by single-cell mass cytometry
Aquatic organisms are inevitably exposed to metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in natural environments, leading to potential harm, ecological disruption, and environmental pollution concerns. Importantly, the size of NPs plays a critical role in influencing their uptake by these organisms. Utilizing mass cytometry, we investigated the internalization characteristics of different-sized gold NPs (AuNPs) in an unicellular ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, under a low exposure concentration of 1 ngmL−1. This investigation, conducted at both the population and single-cell levels, revealed that the size of AuNPs significantly affected their uptake by T. thermophila cells. The average mass of intracellular AuNPs peaked at 0.5 h and subsequently decreased, attributed to the efflux of AuNPs or cell proliferation. Larger AuNPs resulted in a lower average intracellular AuNPs mass and a smaller proportion of T. thermophila cells accumulating AuNPs (Au-positive (AuP) T. thermophila). However, when exposed to larger AuNPs, the AuPT. thermophila cells had a higher AuNPs mass and volumetric concentration factors compared to their exposure to smaller AuNPs. After exposure, while most AuPT. thermophila cells had intracellular Au content below 2.41 × 10−15 g cell−1, the small groups of T. thermophila cells that accumulated higher mass of AuNPs may be the ones more susceptible to the effects of AuNPs exposure. Additionally, we developed a three-dimensional fitting surface model to depict the relationship among exposure time, AuNP size, and intracellular AuNPs mass in individual T. thermophila cells. This study enhances our understanding of size-specific NPs accumulation in unicellular organisms and provides valuable insights for ecological risk assessment of different sized NPs.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health.
Subject areas include, but are not limited to:
• Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies;
• Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change;
• Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest;
• New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.